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بررسی عملکرد و خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی دو لاین جدید ارزن مرواریدی در مقایسه با رقم باستان در مزارع استان گلستان | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 35، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 134، فروردین 1401، صفحه 15-1 اصل مقاله (614.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2022.352836.1518 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا صابری* 1؛ زهرا مقصودلو2 | ||
| 1- استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات بخش تحقیقات زراعی و با غی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد مدیریت ترویج سازمان جهاد کشاورزی گلستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی عملکرد و برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی دو لاین جدید ارزن مرواریدی (KPM1 و KPM4) در مقایسه با رقم باستان، این تحقیق در سال 1395 در دو آزمایش جداگانه در دو منطقه (مینودشت و گمیشان) اجرا شد. آزمایش در سه سطح با فاصله خطوط کاشت 60 سانتیمتر رو ی پشته و تراکم 238000 بوته در هکتار اجرا گردید. کشت اواخر خرداد ماه بلافاصله بعد از برداشت محصول اصلی انجام شد. طول خطوط کاشت 66/66 متر و تعداد خطوط کاشت در هر تیمار 50 پشته بود که برداشت در سطح 2000 متر مربع برای هر تیمار صورت گرفت. برای ثبت صفات هر لاین و رقم ده بار کادر اندازی شد و ده بوته برای اندازه گیری و تجزیه و تحلیل آماری برداشت شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که تولید علوفه تر لاین جدید ارزن مرواریدیKPM1، نسبت به تیمار شاهد تفاوت معنی دار داشت، عملکرد علوفه تر لاین جدید ارزن مرواریدیKPM1 ، 04/25 تن در هکتار بود که 24/2 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد، با عملکرد 46/24 درصد برتری دارد. مقایسه میانگین عملکرد علوفه خشک نیز بیانگر تفاوت معنی دار آماری است. علوفه خشک لاین جدید ارزن مرواریدیKPM1 (68/6 تن در هکتار) با افزایش 51/17 درصدی نسبت به رقم شاهد با عملکرد 01/5 تن در هکتار برتری نشان داد و درصد افزایش عملکرد علوفه تر (63/28 تن در هکتار) و علوفه خشک(41/7 تن در هکتار) لاین KPM4 در مقایسه با رقم باستان بترتیب 15 و 32 درصد بود. ضمنا اختلاف عملکرد دانه لاین های جدید با شاهد معنی دار نبود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آزمون تی؛ صفات مرفولوژیکی؛ عملکرد علوفه و دانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| IInvestigation and comparison of yield and morphological characteristics between two new pearl millet lines (Pennisetum americanum) and Bastan cultivar in Golestan province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Alireza Saberi1؛ Zahra Maghsoudloo2 | ||
| 1Assistant of Professors, Agronomy and Horticulture Department of Agricultural and Natural Recourses Research and education of Golestan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Senior expert of extension management | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: Pearl millets are commonly cross-pollination and constitute different cultivars and hybrids. Pearl millets can be used for dry forage, pasture, silage, seed production and human nutrition (Lee et al., 2004). According to the reports of Jahad Ministry, the global surface area dedicated to the cultivation of pearl millets is estimated to be 10 million hectares and the reports demonstrate that the growing of this cultivar has increased in the recent years (Statistical report of Jahad Agricultural Ministry, 2017). More than 70% of the total cultivated millet in India are pearl millets. American Agricultural Department also recommend different pearl millet cultivars to the farmers who seek the cultivation of forages with high economic and biological performance in dry and semi dry areas of this country (Lee et al., 2004) . Due to its high production potential, optimum nutritional value, and the ability to be preserved as dry hay and silage, millets can be grown in many areas of Iran with different climate conditions for forage production (Mehrani et al., 2017). A maximum of 10,000 ha of millets are cultivated in the country. Works in the late 1980s demonstrated that yields can be raised two to three-fold by using available improved varieties and appropriate agronomic techniques. But, these findings need to be refined, improved and tested for local climatic, soil and crop conditions. Materials and Methods: In order to release new pearl millet lines for summer cropping season, this research was conducted in Golestan province during the 2017 growing season. The experiment consisted of two new pearl millet lines (Pennisetum americanum) and Bastan cultivar, which is grown in the fields of Golestan province. The number of planting lines was 60 with a length of 66.66 meters and 50 cm interval between the lines. To measure traits such as plant height, number of tiller, stem diameter and number of node etc, 10 bushes were randomly harvested by using quadrate. Also, the total surface area under cultivation was measured. The results were compared using t-test. Results and Discussion: The mean comparison of yield and morphological parameters of two new pearl millet lines (Pennisetum americanum) and Bastan cultivar showed that KPM4, new pearl millet line in Gomishan had a plant height of 138.8 cm, which was 18.94% and 28.45% taller than KPM1 and Bastan cultivar, respectively. KPM4 produced greater stem diameter (7.13 mm), number of leaf (9.6) and number of node as compared to the check cultivar Bastan. The mean comparison of fresh yield of two new pearl millet lines and Bastan cultivar showed significant differences among the varities. Fresh forage production of KPM1 with a yield of 25.04 ton ha-1 was 2.24% greater compared to Bastan cultivar, which gave a yield of 24.46 ton ha-1. Also, the mean comparison of dry yield showed significant differences among the varietries. Dry forage production of KPM1 (6.68 ton ha-1) was 17.51% higher than the check cultivar, which produced a dry forage yield of 5.01 ton ha-1). There was an increase of 15% and 32% in fresh forage (28.63 ton ha-1)and dry forage (7.41 ton ha-1) production of KPM4 compared to Bastan cultivar. Meanwhile, no significant difference was found between the grain yield production of new pearl millet lines and the check cultivar (Bastan). Alos, the new pearl millet lines were superior in terms of morphological parameters as compared to the check cultivar. It indicates that the new millet plants grow better and produce higher yield components. Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the study showed that KPM4 line performed better relative to KPM1. The fresh forage and dry forage production of the new lines were greater than those of Bastan cultivar. It could be concluded that, by using new pearl millet lines during summer cropping season, higher yield per surface area might be attained. Keywords: Forage and grain yield, morphological traits, t-test References Lee, D.W., Hanna, G., Buntin, D., Dozier, W., Timper, P., and Wilson, J.P. 2004 . Pearl millet for grain, University of Georgia, USA. Mehrani, A., Azari, A., Zand, A., Saberi, A.R., Tabatbaie, A., Miri, Kh., Abadooz, M., and Chabook, Kh. 2017. Quantitative and qualitative yield comparison of Pearl millet lines (Pennisetum americanum). Final report of seed and plant improvement institute. (In Persian). 53 pages | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Forage and grain yield, morphological traits, t-test | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Lee, D.W., Hanna, G.,Buntin, D., Dozier, W., Timper, P., and Wilson, J. P. 2004 . Pearl millet for grain, University of Georgia, USA. Mehrani, A.,Azari, A.,Zand, A.,Saberi, A.R., Tabatbaie, A., Miri,Kh.,Abadooz, M., and Chabook, Kh. 2017. Quantitative and qualitative yield comparison of Pearl millet lines (Pennisetumamericanum). Final report of seed and plant improvement institute. (In Persian). 53 pages Muhammed, B., and Shib, K.H. 2004. Genetic variability and correlatoin studies in foxtail millet (Stariaitalica), AICSIP Regional Agricultural Research Station, Palem 509215, Mahbubnegar District (Andhra Prandesh), India Crop Research (Hisar), 28(1-3): 94-97. SAS Institute. 2004. SAS/STAT user's guide. Release 9.0. 4th ed. Statistical Analysis Institute, Cary, NC. Shashikala, T., Rai, K., BalajiNaik, R., Shanti, M., Chandrika, V., and LokaReddy, K. 2013. Fodder potential of multicutpearlmillet genotypes during summer season. Singh, K.D., and Rao, M.N. 1989. Associatin and path analysis in foxtail millet (StariaitalicaL. Beauv). Indian Journal of Research APAU, 17(7):68-69. Sivakumar, M.V., and Salaam, K. 1999. Effect of year and fertilizer on water use efficiency of pearl millet (Pennisetumamericanum) in Niger. Journal of Agricultural Science, 132:139-148. Statistical report of Jahad agricultural ministry, deputy of management and economic, 2017. Information bank of statistic and IT, agronomy bank, agricultural production information based of state and crop at separate year. Ward, J.D., Redfearn, D.D., Mccormik, M.E., and Guomo, G.J. 2001. Chemical composition, ensiling characteristics, and apparent digestibility of summer annual forages in a subtropical double – cropping system with annual ryegrass. Dairy Science Journal, 84: 177-182. | ||
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