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بررسی اثر برخی از عوامل محیطی بر ترکیب اسانس Salvia multicaulis Vahl. در استان همدان | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 114، دی 1401، صفحه 545-563 اصل مقاله (911.56 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.358508.3162 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدیه توکلی* 1؛ سعید سلطانی2؛ مصطفی ترکش اصفهانی3؛ رویا کرمیان4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای علوم مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 4استاد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گونه‌های جنس مریم‌گلی (Salvia) به‌واسطه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه اهمیت بالایی در صنایع مختلف غذایی، دارویی و بهداشتی-آرایشی دارند. اگرچه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در گیاهان تحت کنترل ژنتیک گیاه می‌باشد، اما عوامل محیطی روی تولید و ترکیب آنها در گیاهان تأثیر زیادی دارند. در پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور بررسی اثرات برخی از عوامل اقلیمی، توپوگرافی و پارامترهای خاکی بر ترکیب اسانس گیاه Salvia multicaulis Vahl.، نمونه‌های گیاه در فصل گل‌دهی از 9 رویشگاه متفاوت در استان همدان جمع‌آوری شدند. نمونه‌های خاک نیز از پای هر گیاه در مناطق نمونه‌گیری برداشت شدند. اسانس گیاهان به روش تقطیر با آب استخراج و ترکیب آنها توسط دستگاه‌های GC و GC/MS شناسایی شد. فاکتورهای خاک براساس دستورالعمل‌های مربوطه اندازه‌گیری و آمار هواشناسی نیز از ایستگاه‌های هواشناسی استان همدان استخراج گردید. برای بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی مختلف بر ترکیب اسانس‌ها از آنالیز RDA استفاده شد. خوشه‌بندی رویشگاه‌های مورد مطالعه بر مبنای ترکیب‌های غالب اسانس‌ها و براساس روش WARDS انجام گرفت. ترکیب اسانس در رویشگاه‌های مختلف متفاوت بود. ترکیب‌های آلفا-پینن (32.1-1.3%)، آلفا-فلاندرن (7-1.1%)، 8،1-سینئول (17.2-1%)، بورنیل استات (16.2-7%) و بتا-کاریوفیلن (40.6-9.1%) ترکیب‌های غالب اسانس این گیاه بودند. نتایج RDA نشان داد که بازده اسانس و درصد ترپن‌های اکسیژن‌دار با افزایش ارتفاع افزایش یافتند، اما درصد ترپن‌های هیدروکربنی همبستگی معکوس با ارتفاع داشت. مونوترپن‌ها همبستگی مثبت با رطوبت نسبی، بارندگی و کربن آلی خاک داشتند، اما سسکویی‌ترپن‌ها رابطه معکوس با عوامل یاد شده و همبستگی مثبت با فسفر و تا حدی کلسیم خاک داشتند. رویشگاه‌های مورد مطالعه به دو گروه متمایز با غالبیت مونوترپن‌ها و سسکویی‌ترپن‌ها در اسانس خوشه‌بندی شدند. این یافته‌ها جهت بهره‌برداری تجاری از گیاه مریم‌گلی با هدف استخراج ترکیب‌های ثانویه خاص موجود در اسانس آن می‌توانند حائز اهمیت باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ Salvia multicaulis Vahl؛ گیاهان دارویی؛ عوامل خاکی؛ فاکتورهای اقلیمی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study on some environmental factors effects on Salvia multicaulis Vahl. essential oil composition in Hamadan province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Tavakoli1؛ S. Soltani2؛ M. Tarkesh Esfahani3؛ R. Karamian4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The Salvia species are of great importance in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries for their secondary metabolites. Although the production of secondary metabolites is encoded by the plant genetic, however, environmental factors have a great influence on their production and composition in plants. In this study, to investigate the effects of some climatic factors, topography, and soil parameters on Salvia multicaulis essential oil composition, the plant samples were collected from nine different habitats in Hamadan province during the flowering season. The soil samples were also taken for each plant in the sampling sites. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation (Clevenger apparatus) and its composition was identified by GC and GC/MS. The soil factors were measured according to the relevant protocols and the climatic records were collected from the meteorological stations of Hamadan province. The RDA analysis was used to investigate the effects of different environmental factors on the essential oil composition. Clustering of the studied habitats was performed based on the major compounds of essential oils using the Wards method. The essential oil composition was different in different habitats. The compounds α-pinene (1.3-32.1%), α-phellandrene (1.1-7%), 1,8-cineole (1-17.2%), bornyl acetate (7-16.2%), and β-caryophyllene (9.1-40.6%) were the major ones of this plant essential oil. The RDA results showed that the essential oil content and oxygenated terpenoids percentage increased with increasing altitude, but the hydrocarbon terpenes percentage had an inverse correlation with altitude. The monoterpenes had a positive correlation with the relative humidity, rainfall, and soil organic carbon, but the sesquiterpenes had an inverse relationship with these factors and showed a positive correlation with phosphorus and to some extent with calcium of the soil. The studied habitats clustered into two distinct groups with predominance of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in the essential oil. These findings could be important for commercial exploitation of sage with the aim of extracting specific secondary metabolites in its essential oil. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Essential oils, Salvia multicaulis Vahl, medicinal plants, soil elements, climatic factors | ||
| مراجع | ||
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