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ارزیابی کارایی ماشین وشچین متاثر از آرایش کاشت دو ردیفه، رقم و تراکم بوته پنبه در استان فارس | ||
| پژوهش های پنبه ایران | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 16، اسفند 1400، صفحه 63-84 اصل مقاله (768.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijcr.2022.356338.1177 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجید روزبه* 1؛ محمود ظهیری2 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی | ||
| 2معاونت زراعت سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان فارس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: کارآیی ماشینهای وشچین میتواند بهوسیله عوامل مختلفی مثل شرایط محصول و مزرعه تحت تأثیر قرار گیرد. در این مطالعه تأثیر آرایش کاشت در ترکیب با ارقام و تراکمهای مختلف بر کارآیی ماشین وشچین پنبه و همچنین تعیین مناسبترین ترکیب آنها در زراعت پنبه برای مناطق جنوب کشور بررسی گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای دوبار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی داراب از سال 1398 به مدت دو سال اجرا شد. آرایش کاشت بهعنوان کرت اصلی در دو سطح: یک ردیف (SR) و دو ردیف کاشت بر روی پشته (TR)، کرت فرعی رقم پنبه در سه سطح ماکسا (V1)، گلستان (V2)، حکمت (V3) و کرت فرعی- فرعی فاصله بوته 10 (PD1)، 13 (PD2) و 16 (PD3) سانتیمتردر نظر گرفته شد. یافتهها: تأثیر آرایش کاشت، رقم و فاصله بوته پنبه بر شاخصهای کارآیی ماشین معنیدار بود. بیشترین مقدار کارآیی برداشت مربوط به آرایش کاشت یکردیف روی پشته بود. کمترین مقدار ظرفیت مزرعهای مؤثر و کارآیی برداشت ماشین در سامانه کاشت دو ردیف روی پشته مشاهده شد. تیمار کاشت پنبه با فاصله 16 سانتیمتر روی ردیف (PD3) موجب افزایش تلفات زمینی به مقدار 5/54 درصد نسبت به کمترین فاصله کاشت روی ردیف (PD1) شد. یافته ها نشان میدهند برهمکنش V3 × PD2 و V3 × PD1 موجب کاهش تلفات زمینی به ترتیب به مقدار 4/15 و 8/27 درصد در مقایسه با V3 × PD3 شده است. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به میانگین عملکرد محصول و مقدار تلفات وش، استفاده از آرایش کاشت یکردیف روی پشته بهترتیب در ترکیب با ارقام گلستان و حکمت با فاصله کاشت 13 سانتیمتر روی ردیف برای نواحی جنوب استان فارس و مناطقی با اقلیم مشابه توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برداشت پنبه؛ تعداد غوزه؛ تلفات زمینی؛ فاصله بوته؛ عملکرد وش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Performance evaluation of cotton picker affected by twin-row planting pattern, variety and plant density in Fars province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Majid Roozbeh1؛ Mahmood Zahiri2 | ||
| 1Agricultural Engineering Research Institute | ||
| 2Agriculture Jihad Organization of Fars | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: The performance of cotton pickers can be affected by various factors such as field and crop conditions. In this study, the effect of planting patterns, plant density and cultivar on the cotton picker performance and also determining the most appropriate combination of them in the south of Iran were investigated. Materials and methods: The experimental design was done as split-split plot based on a randomized complete block with three replications at the Darab Agricultural Research Station, during the 2019 to 2020 growing season. The planting patterns were in two levels of twin-row (TR) and single row planting (SR) as the main plot, three cultivars as the subplot include Macsa (V1), Golestan (V2), Hekmat (V3) and the plant spacing (PD1:10, PD2:13, PD3:16 cm) as sub-sub plot. Results: The planting pattern, variety and plant spacing had a significant effect on performance indexes of cotton picker harvester. The highest harvester efficiency was observed for single row planting treatment. The minimum effective field capacity and harvester efficiency was observed for twin-row planting system. The PD3 treatment increased ground loss by 54.5% compared to PD1 treatment. The PD3 treatment increased ground loss by 54.5% compared to PD1 treatment. Conclusion: With regard to mean comparisons of grain yield and seed cotton loss, the single row planting pattern in combination of V2 × PD2 and V3 × PD2 were seen suitable in the south of Fars province and areas with similar climate. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Boll number, cotton harvest, ground loss, plant spacing, seed cotton yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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