| تعداد نشریات | 283 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 81 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,766 |
| تعداد مقالات | 31,497 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 39,693,299 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 17,249,902 |
اثر کاربرد کود اوره پوشش دار بر فرآیند انتقال نیترات به اعماق مختلف خاک در مقایسه با برخی از انواع کودهای رایج | ||
| تحقیقات مهندسی سازه های آبیاری و زهکشی | ||
| دوره 23، شماره 87، آبان 1401، صفحه 77-98 اصل مقاله (1.01 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/idser.2022.359844.1520 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی رضا حسن اقلی* 1؛ زهره حیدری زاد2؛ محمود مشعل3؛ مریم وراوی پور4 | ||
| 1دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2فارغ التحصیل | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشگاه تهران، پردیس ابوریحان، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، تخصص: سازه های هیدرولیکی | ||
| 4دانشگاه تهران، پردیس ابوریحان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کاربرد انواع کودهای شیمیایی و آلی برای افزودن بر میزان تولید، امری متداول در کشاورزی است که میتواند منجر به ورود آلاینده هایی نظیر نیترات به محیط زیست شود. در این تحقیق، به بررسی فرآیند انتقال نیترات به اعماق مختلف خاک با کاربرد انواعی از کودهای رایج و مقایسه آن با کود اوره کندرها پرداخته شد. تعداد 15 عدد ستون آب و خاک به ارتفاع 150 و قطر 10 سانتیمتر مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. از خاک با بافت لوم ماسه ای استفاده شد. پژوهش با بکارگیری طرح آماری فاکتوریل در قالب کاملاً تصادفی، با عوامل مورد بررسی شامل: نوع کود (بدون کاربرد کود یا شاهد، اوره پوشش دار، اوره، نیترات آمونیوم و کود مرغی)؛ عمق نمونه برداری از زهاب (30، 60، 90 و 120 سانتیمتر)؛ نوبت آبیاری (5 مرتبه) و زمان نمونه برداری در هر آبیاری (5 نوبت، بر اساس حجم مشخصی از تخلیه آب خاک در یک پوروالیوم)، در سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس حکایت از آن داشت که اثرات نوع کود کاربردی، نوبت آبیاری و زمان نمونه برداری بر میزان نیترات نمونه های زهاب در سطح یک درصد معنی دار بود. میزان انتقال نیترات به عمق در کاربرد کود نیترات آمونیوم (با کمیت 51.67 میلیگرم بر لیتر) بیشترین، و در تیمار شاهد (با 38.39 میلیگرم بر لیتر) کمترین بود و کود اوره با 48.16، کود مرغی با 40.7 و اوره پوشش دار با 39.88 میلیگرم بر لیتر، در بین آن دو قرار گرفت و تفاوت آنها در سطح یک درصد معنی دار شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آبشویی"؛ آلودگی نیتراتی"؛ "؛ زهکشی" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of using coated urea on the process of nitrate transfer to different soil depths compared to some types of common fertilizers | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali reza Hassanoghli1؛ Zohreh Heidaryzad2؛ Mahmoud Mashal3؛ Maryam Varavipoor4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Alborz, Iran. | ||
| 2Graduated student | ||
| 3Dept of Water Engineering; College of Aboureyhan; University of Tehran | ||
| 4College of Abureyhan, University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In today's agriculture, the use of different chemical and organic fertilizers is inevitable via to adding the amount of production. However, in some cases, application of fertilizers could result to introduce of some pollutants such as nitrates into the environment and water and soil resources. In such a condition, the application of urea coated fertilizers or slow released may cause less pollution. In this research, the amount of nitrate transport in soil profile was investigated due to the application of some common chemical and organic fertilizers in comparison with slow release urea (sulfur coated) fertilizer (SCU). For this purpose, 15 cylindrical columns of soil and water, with a height of 150 cm and a diameter of 10 cm were designed, constructed and used. The columns were filled up to a height of 120 cm with a sandy loam soil. Drainages were installed at different depths of the columns. The amount of applied fertilizers was calculated and applied based on the amount of nitrogen required for the tomato plant. In this research, a statistical factorial with completely randomized design was used to study the factors including: type of fertilizer (no fertilizer as control treatment, urea, ammonium nitrate, coated urea and poultry manure); sampling depth of drainage water (30, 60 , 90 and 120 cm from the soil surface); irrigation rotation (5 times) and sampling intervals in each irrigation (5 times based on specific volumes of drainage water discharge of a complete purvolum of soil) with three replications. The results of the analysis of variance indicated that the effects of the type of applied fertilizer, irrigation rotation and sampling time on the amount of nitrate measured in the effluent samples (nitrate leaching) were statistically significant at the 1% level. But nitrate concentration in the samples prepared from the different depths did not show significant changes. Investigating the mean values of nitrates in drainage water showed that nitrate transfer to soil depth was the highest in ammonium nitrate application (with a mean of 51.67 mg/l) and was the lowest in control treatment (with a mean of 38.39 mg/l). Also, urea fertilizers (with a mean of 48.16 mg/l), poultry (with a mean of 40.70 mg/l) and coated urea (with a mean of 39.88 mg/l) were placed in between them, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant at one percent level. In general, application of coated urea (SCU) fertilizer could have a clear effect on reducing nitrate leaching to soil depth, especially in the condition of this research and in comparison with other types of common fertilizers. In today's agriculture, the use of different chemical and organic fertilizers is inevitable via to adding the amount of production. However, in some cases, application of fertilizers could result to introduce of some pollutants such as nitrates into the environment and water and soil resources. In such a condition, the application of urea coated fertilizers or slow released may cause less pollution. In this research, the amount of nitrate transport in soil profile was investigated due to the application of some common chemical and organic fertilizers in comparison with slow release urea (sulfur coated) fertilizer (SCU). For this purpose, 15 cylindrical columns of soil and water, with a height of 150 cm and a diameter of 10 cm were designed, constructed and used. The columns were filled up to a height of 120 cm with a sandy loam soil. Drainages were installed at different depths of the columns. The amount of applied fertilizers was calculated and applied based on the amount of nitrogen required for the tomato plant. In this research, a statistical factorial with completely randomized design was used to study the factors including: type of fertilizer (no fertilizer as control treatment, urea, ammonium nitrate, coated urea and poultry manure); sampling depth of drainage water (30, 60 , 90 and 120 cm from the soil surface); irrigation rotation (5 times) and sampling intervals in each irrigation (5 times based on specific volumes of drainage water discharge of a complete purvolum of soil) with three replications. The results of the analysis of variance indicated that the effects of the type of applied fertilizer, irrigation rotation and sampling time on the amount of nitrate measured in the effluent samples (nitrate leaching) were statistically significant at the 1% level. But nitrate concentration in the samples prepared from the different depths did not show significant changes. Investigating the mean values of nitrates in drainage water showed that nitrate transfer to soil depth was the highest in ammonium nitrate application (with a mean of 51.67 mg/l) and was the lowest in control treatment (with a mean of 38.39 mg/l). Also, urea fertilizers (with a mean of 48.16 mg/l), | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chemical fertilizer", Drainage", ", Leaching" | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,414 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 109 |
||