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ارزیابی چند آفت‌کش گیاهی و آلی برای کنترل جمعیت بهاره و تابستانه کنۀ تارتن دولکه‌ای خیار گلخانه‌ای و اثرات جانبی آنها بر جمعیت کنۀ شکارگر Phytoseiulus persimilis | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، اسفند 1400، صفحه 67-86 اصل مقاله (832.08 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2022.128543 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود اربابی* 1؛ مریم فروزان2؛ هاشم کمالی3؛ پیمان نامور4؛ مجتبی خانی5 | ||
| 1استاد، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه ، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب کرمان (جیرفت)، ایران | ||
| 5دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کنۀ تارتن دولکه‌ای مهمترین آفت خیارگلخانه‌ای در کشور شده و بیشترین دفعات و مقدار مصرف آفت‌کش‌ها علیه آن در مقایسه با سایرآفات گلخانه‌ای انجام می‌شود. کارآیی دو غلظت 1/2 و 1/5 در هزار آفت‌کش گیاهی بایو–2 و دو غلظت 1/5 و 2 در هزار آفت‌کش گیاهی ماریاپرو–ام علیه جمعیت فعال کنۀ تارتن خیارگلخانه‌ای در بهار و تابستان در مناطق تهران، ارومیه، مشهد، جیرفت و اثرات جانبی آن روی کنۀ شکارگرPhytoseiulus persimilis در تهران در سال 1400مطالعه شد. از غلظت یک در هزار پست اوت، 1/25 در هزار اسکوئینوسل، 0/5 در هزار برای سایفلومتوفن، بیفنازیت، 0/75 در هزار گلدن آبامکتین و از آب‌شویی در تیمار شاهد و طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار استفاده شد. تعداد 25 کنۀ شکارگر روی هر بوتۀ خیار رهاسازی و 15 روز بعد پس از مشاهده حداقل میانگین 5 کنۀ تارتن در 30 درصد نمونۀ برگ‌ها، محلول‌پاشی تیمارها صورت گرفت. با جمع‌آوری تصادفی 30 نمونه برگ در فواصل یک روز قبل و 3، 7، 15 روز بعد و شمارش جمعیت فعال کنۀ تارتن در سطح زیرین برگ، داده ها توسط فرمول آبوت به درصد تلفات تبدیل و مورد تجزیۀ آماری قرار گرفتند. بیشترین تلفات کنۀ تارتن با بیش از 90 درصد از تاثیر غلظت 1/5 در هزار بایو–2 و 2 در هزار ماریاپرو–ام روی جمعیت کنۀ تارتن که آفت‌کش‌های بسیار کمی علیه آن استفاده شده بود، در تهران ثبت شد. روند کاهش تلفات کنۀ تارتن از تاثیر آفت‌کش‌های گیاهی از نوبت 3 روز تا 15 روز نسبت به آفت‌کش‌های آلی کمتر ملاحظه شد. تاثیر تیمارها برجمعیت کنۀ شکارگر در نوبت 3 روز نسبت به یک روز قبل باعث کاهش ولی از نوبت 7 روز تا 15 روز با افزایش و پراکنش بیشتر جمعیت شکارگر در سطح زیرین نمونه برگ‌های خیار ملاحظه شد. نتایج تیمارهای این تحقیق نشان داد از آنها می‌توان برای تولید محصول سالم و انجام مبارزه تلفیقی علیه کنۀ تارتن خیارگلخانه ای استفاده نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفت‌کش گیاهی؛ آفت‌کش آلی؛ کنۀ تارتن؛ کنۀ شکارگر؛ کنه تارتن؛ خیارگلخانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluating few botanical and synthetic pesticides in control of Tetranychus urticae and their side effects on Phytoseiulus persimilis during spring and summer seasons in greenhouse cucumber | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masuod Arbabi1؛ Maryam Fourouzan2؛ Hashem Kamali3؛ Peyman Namvar4؛ Mojtaba Khani5 | ||
| 1Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 4. Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 5Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Tetranychus urticae is the most important greenhouse cucumber pests in Iran. The higher amount and number of pesticides use on this mite pests in greenhouse cucumber during March until July–August in Iran. Effectiveness of two new botanical pesticides doses, Bio–2 and Mariapro–M were investigated against Tetranychus urticae on cucumber plant under greenhouse condition in Tehran, Oromieh, Mashhad, Jiroft during spring and summer seasons of 2022. Effects of new botanical pesticides doses were compared with 1ml/l Pest–out ®, 1.25ml/l Acequinocyl 15% SC, 0.5 ml/l of Cyflumetofen 20% SC, Bifenazate 24% SC, 0.75ml/l Golden abamectin 10 SC and water sprayed in controlled treatment. Complete randomize design with three replications were used. On each cucumber plant 25 Phytoseiulus persimilis mites released two weeks before spraying treatments in Tehran. Treatments done according random 100 leaves collected at weekly interval until at least 5 active spider mite stages recorded. Each treatment effects on spider mite stages followed by random 30 leaves collected from lower and middle cucumber plant parts at interval of one day before and 3, 7 and 15 days after. Collected data converted into mortality % by Abbott formula and statistical analysis done by SAS software. Higher spider mite mean mortality% recorded for both 1.5ml/l Bio–2 and 2ml/l of Mariapro–M up to 90% at Tehran where spider mite found under lower influences of pesticides. Spider mite mortality% with both new botanical pesticides reduced more as compared with synthetic acaricides from 3rd to 15th day on wards. Effects of all treatments reduced predatory mite population on 3rd day sampling as compared one day before, but predatory mite activities and its distribution increased on cucumber leaves from 7 days onward on all treatments. Effects of all treatments revealed that, they can apply with predatory mite under for integrating spider mite management in greenhouse cucumber cultivation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Botanical pesticides, Tetranychus urticae, Control, Phytoseiulus persimilis, Greenhouse cucumber | ||
| مراجع | ||
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