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از درخت تا موزه، کاوشی در ارزش پنهان Xylotheque در علوم طبیعی | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 30، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 90، اسفند 1401، صفحه 389-403 اصل مقاله (628.76 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2023.361625.2092 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مائده فدایی خجسته1؛ فیروزه حاتمی* 2؛ کامیار صالحی3 | ||
| 1کارشناس بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌شناسی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ایران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2نویسنده مسئول، کارشناس بخش تحقیقات جنگل، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ایران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ایران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ماده گرانبهایی که با سرمایه و کار طبیعت در جنگلها ساخته و پرداخته میشود چوب است که تاریخچه آن حکایت از نقش بااهمیت در زندگی انسان از گذشتههای بسیار دور تا به امروز دارد. به تدریج و با گذر زمان، در بسیاری از نقاط دنیا، در کنار تهیه مجموعههای ارزشمند گیاهی و جانوری، جمعآوری نمونههای چوبی در موزه یا هرباریومها رواج یافت. این مجموعههای چوبی که با عنوان زیلوتک Xylothek (زیلوتک) به دنیا معرفی شدند، فرم خاصی از هرباریوم به نام Xylarium (زیلاریوم) هستند که نمونههای چوبی در آن نگهداری میشوند. استفاده از واژه زیلاریوم باعث جدایی مفهوم کلکسیونهای غیررسمی، مانند آنچه استادکاران و صنعتگران ایجاد میکنند با کلکسیونهایی میشود که با اهداف علمی و آموزشی تاسیس شده است. هدف اصلی از ایجاد این موزهها فراهم آوردن امکان بررسی سیستماتیک برای آناتومیستهای چوب، پژوهشگران، صنعتگران و علاقمندان علوم دیگر و نیز همکاری نزدیک و تبادل بین زیلاریومهای بزرگ دنیا است. گردآوری این مجموعهها برای شناسایی نمونههای چوبی جهت کارکردهای تجاری، فرهنگی، تاریخی، باستانشناسی، آموزشی و نمایشگاهی نیز کاربردی است. در سال‌های اخیر با توسعه فناوری، این امکان برای دستاندرکاران فراهم شده است که بتوانند با تکنولوژیهای مدرن براساس روشهای متنوع تصویربرداری، آنالیز تصویر و اندازهگیری و روش های هوش مصنوعی چوبها را شناسایی کنند. این بلوکهای چوبی بیصدا، دارای ارزش قابلتوجهی هستند که میتوانند موجب افزایش آگاهی جامعه نسبت به ذخایر زیستی شوند و توجه پژوهشگران را نسبت به جمعآوری و مستندنگاری اطلاعات آن‌ها جلب کنند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بلوکهای چوبی هرباریم؛ چوب؛ Xylarium؛ Xylothek | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| From tree to museum: Exploring the hidden value of Xylotheque in the natural sciences | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Fadaei Khojasteh1؛ F. Hatami2؛ K. Salehi3 | ||
| 1Expert, Botany Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Corresponding author, Expert, Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof.,Wood Science and Forest Products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wood is a valuable material that is produced and treated in the forest workshop using natural resources. The history of these workshops reveals the significance of wood in human life across many regions of the world. As collecting wooden specimens became increasingly popular over time, museums and herbariums emerged to house valuable plant and animal collections. One unique type of collection is the xylarium, or wooden herbarium, where wood samples are stored. The term "xylothek" was originally used when these collections were made available to the public. Xylaria distinguish between collections created for scientific and educational purposes and informal ones made by craftsmen and artisans. The creation of these collections was primarily intended to facilitate collaboration and exchange among the world's greatest xylaria. They also allow for systematic studies by wood anatomists, researchers, and scientists in other fields. Additionally, they serve exhibition, educational, cultural, historical, and commercial purposes. In recent years, modern technologies such as imaging, image analysis, measurement, and artificial intelligence have made it possible for artisans to identify wood with greater precision. These collections have immense value because they increase awareness of biological reserves and attract the attention of experts who record and collect information about them. Wood blocks may seem silent, but they have tremendous potential to enhance our understanding of the natural world and contribute to its preservation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Herbarium, wood, wooden blocks, Xylothek, Xylarium | ||
| مراجع | ||
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