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بهشتی, فاطمه, خراسانی نژاد, سارا, همتی, خدایار. (1401). تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30(2), 242-262. doi: 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419
فاطمه بهشتی; سارا خراسانی نژاد; خدایار همتی. "تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L)". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30, 2, 1401, 242-262. doi: 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419
بهشتی, فاطمه, خراسانی نژاد, سارا, همتی, خدایار. (1401). 'تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L)', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30(2), pp. 242-262. doi: 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419
بهشتی, فاطمه, خراسانی نژاد, سارا, همتی, خدایار. تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1401; 30(2): 242-262. doi: 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419

تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L)

تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران
مقاله 7، دوره 30، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 60، اسفند 1401، صفحه 242-262    اصل مقاله (835.61 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419
نویسندگان
فاطمه بهشتی1؛ سارا خراسانی نژاد* 2؛ خدایار همتی3
1دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
2استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
چکیده
شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L) یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی دوپایه است که در بیشتر کشورهای توسعه‌یافته دنیا مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. این آزمایش، با هدف مقایسه مقاومت به شوری در پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه، به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل براساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد که تیمارهای تنش شوری در چهار سطح (۰، ۵۰، ۷۵، ۱۰۰ میلی‌مولار) روی دو جنس نر و ماده با سه تکرار و در محیط گلخانه اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثرمتقابل تنش شوری و جنس بر اجزای عملکرد گیاه، فنل ­کل، فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی، فلاونوئید کل، پرولین و قند کل در سطح احتمال یک ‌درصد معنی­دار بود. افزایش سطح شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب کاهش ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، وزن تر و خشک گیاه در هر دو جنس گردید اما وزن ریشه، طول ریشه و تعداد گل عموماً در گیاه ماده افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین افزایش سطح شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب افزایش متابولیت‌های ثانویه از قبیل فنل، فلاونوئید، پرولین و قند در هر دو جنس نر و ماده شد. اما میزان آنتی‌اکسیدان با افزایش سطح شوری در جنس ماده افزایش و در جنس نر نسبت به شاهد کاهش نشان داد. نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم، به­عنوان یک شاخص متحمل به شوری در نظر گرفته شد و بیشترین نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم در پایه‌های ماده در سطح 75 و  100 میلی­مولار شوری به‌ترتیب در اندام هوایی و ریشه پایه ماده مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری شد که گیاه ماده تا سطح ۷۵ میلی‌مولار شوری را تحمل می‌کند و در این سطح شوری، عملکرد و تولید زی‌توده در جنس ماده از مقادیر بالاتری برخوردار است ولی در تیمارهای شوری بالاتر از سطح ۷۵ میلی‌مولار، گیاه ماده از لحاظ شوری حساس‌تر از گیاه نر می‌باشد.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها
آنتی­ اکسیدان؛ پتاسیم؛ پرولین؛ جنسیت؛ کلسیم
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of salinity stress on morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits of male and female plants of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.)
نویسندگان [English]
F. Beheshti1؛ S. Khorasaninejad2؛ K. Hemmati3
1MSc. Graduated, Dept. Horticultural Sciences, Plant Production faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan, I.R. Iran
2Assist. Prof., Dept. Horticultural Sciences, Plant Production faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan, I.R. Iran.
3Assist Prof., Dept., Horticultural Sciences, Plant Production faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an important dicotyledonous medicinal plants that used in many developed countries of the world. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits of male and female plants of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.). A factorial experiment was conducted using salinity stress treatments at four levels (0, 50, 75, 100 mM) and plant sex in two levels (male and female genotypes) based on a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse condition. The results showed that the salinity stress by plant sex interaction effects were significant for plant yield components, total phenol, antioxidant activity, total flavonoid, proline and carbohydrate (P<0.01). Increasing the salinity level significantly decreased plant height, number of leaves, plant fresh and dry weights in both sexes. But, the root weight, root length, and number of flowers increased in female plants up to 75 mM salinity. Also, increasing salinity level significantly increased secondary metabolites such as phenol, flavonoid, proline, and soluble carbohydrates in both males and female plants. However, by increasing salinity level, the amount of antioxidants increased in the females and decreased in the male plants than that for control, respectively. The sodium to potassium ratio (N/K) was considered as an index of salinity tolerance. The highest N/K ratios were observed at 75 and 100 mM salinity levels in shoot and root of the female plants, respectively. The results indicated that cannabis female plants can tolerate salinity up to 75 mM salinity level, and the female biomass was increased, but above the 75 mM level, the female plants were more sensitive than that for male plants in terms of salinity.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Antioxidants, potassium, proline, plant sex, calcium
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