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تأثیر بیوچار و تنش خشکی بر برخی سازوکار‌های حفاظتی سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 39، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 285-302 اصل مقاله (856.51 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2023.360517.3253 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هاوری کیانی1؛ شیوا خالص رو* 2؛ علی مختصی بیدگلی3؛ زاهد شریفی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج،ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) از گیاهان دارویی ارزشمند است که در صنایع مختلف کاربرد وسیعی دارد. تجمع اسمولیت‌های سازگار از پاسخ‌های رایج گیاهان در رویارویی با تنش خشکی است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر رژیم‌های آبیاری و کاربرد بیوچار (حاصل از گرمادهی کود گاوی) بر گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان در سال 1397 به اجرا درآمد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح 100، 70 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و مصرف بیوچار در دو سطح 0 و 15 تن در هکتار بودند. نتـایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که اثرات متقابل سطوح تنش خشکی و کاربرد بیوچار روی پراکسید هیدروژن، مالون دی آلدئید، پراکسیداز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، پرولین، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول (محلول در آب و اتانول) و پتانسیل اسمزی معنی‌دار بود. افـزایش شدت تنش خشکی منجر به افزایش پراکسید هیدروژن، مالون دی آلدئید، پراکسیداز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، پرولین و کربوهیدرات‌های محلول (محلول در آب و اتانول) و منفی‌تر شدن پتانسیل اسمزی شد. کاربرد بیوچار سبب کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی گردید، به‌طوری که میزان تولید پراکسید هیدروژن، مالون دی آلدئید، پراکسیداز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، پرولین و کربوهیدرات‌های محلول (در آب و الکل) نسبت به تیمار‌های فاقد بیوچار کمتر بود. به‌طور کلی نتایج تحقیق حاضر بیان‌کننده نقش مفید و مؤثر بیوچار در بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و اسمولیت‌های محافظتی سیاه‌دانه در شرایط تنش خشکی بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی؛ اسمولیت‌های سازگار؛ پرولین؛ تنش اکسیداتیو؛ کمبود آب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of biochar and drought stress on some protective mechanisms of Nigella sativa L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Kiani1؛ Sh. Khalesro2؛ A. Mokhatssi-Bidgoli3؛ Z. Sharifi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nigella sativa L. is a valuable medicinal plant that is widely used in different industries. Accumulation of compatible osmolytes is one of the common responses of plants under drought stress. To investigate the effects of irrigation regimes and biochar (resulting from the heating of cattle manure) on N. sativa, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Kurdistan in 2018. The experimental factors consisted of three drought stress levels (40, 70, and 100% of FC) and two biochar use levels (0 and 15 tons.ha-1). The ANOVA results showed that the interaction effects of drought stress and biochar were significant on hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble), and osmotic potential. Increasing the intensity of drought stress enhanced the amount of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, and soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble) and caused the osmotic potential to become more negative. Biochar application decreased the negative effects of drought stress so that hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, and soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble) amounts were lower than the treatments without biochar. Overall, the present research results proved the useful and effective role of biochar in improving the physiological traits and protective osmolytes of N. sativa under drought stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antioxidant enzymes, compatible osmolytes, proline, oxidative stress, water deficiency | ||
| مراجع | ||
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