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نرخ استقرار نسبی و ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) روی پایههای هیبرید امیدبخش سیب | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 3، مرداد 1402، صفحه 233-245 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.61186/jesi.43.3.4 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود لطیفیان* ؛ داریوش آتشکار؛ راضیه قائمی | ||
| سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شته مومی Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hem.: Aphididae) یکی از آفات اصلی سیب در سراسر جهان است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب در 10 ژنوتیپ انتخابی از میان نتاج امیدبخش حاصل از هیبریداسیون و گرده‌افشانی آزاد ژنوتیپ‌های پاکوتاه بومی سیب (آزایش اصفهان و مربائی مشهد) به عنوان والد مادری، و پایههای رویشی تجاری سیب (M9, M27, B9) به عنوان والد پدری بود. این پروژه طی سال‌های 1399 تا 1401 انجام شد. نظارت بر کلونیهای شته مومی سیب هر 2 هفته یکبار از ابتدای فروردین تا آبان‌ماه انجام شد. در ادامه بررسی، نرخ استقرار نسبی و شاخص ترجیح شته محاسبه شد. صفات رویشی شامل درصد ریشهزایی، تعداد ریشه تولید شده، طول ناحیه ریشهزا روی پایکها، طول ریشهها و تعداد پایک تولید شده اندازه‌گیری گردید. برای تفکیک هیبریدها، روش تحلیل خوشهای و درجه تأثیر صفات مختلف بر شاخصها از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل رابطه همبستگی بکار رفت. میانگین نرخ استقرار و شاخص ترجیح به ترتیب معادل 14/0 ± 42/2 و 06/0 ± 96/0 بود. غیرحساسترین و حساسترین پایه هیبرید به ترتیب Azop3(1386) وM9op3 بودند. برخی از خصوصیات رویشی پایههای هیبرید از جمله میانگین طول ریشه تولیدی پایک در بروز تفاوتهای پایههای هیبرید سیب مورد مطالعه از نظر نرخ استقرار و ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب مؤثر بودهاند. نتایج این پژوهش در برنامههای اصلاحی آینده ارقام سیب کاربرد دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سیب؛ آفات؛ مدیریت آفات؛ مقاومت گیاهی؛ ژنوتیپ‌های پاکوتاه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Relative establishment rate and host preference of wooly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) on promising apple hybrid rootstocks | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Latifian؛ Dariush Atashkar؛ Razieh Ghaemi | ||
| Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The wooly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hem.: Aphididae), is one of the main pests of apples all over the world. The purpose of this research was to investigate the host preference of wooly apple aphids toward 10 selected genotypes among the promising offspring obtained from hybridization and free pollination of indigenous apple genotypes (Azaish Isfahan and Marbai Mashhad) as maternal parent, and commercial apple cultivars (M9, M27, B9) as a paternal parent. This project was carried out during 2020 to 2022. The colonies of wooly apple aphids were monitored every 2 weeks from the beginning of April to November. Relative establishment rate and aphid preference index were calculated. Vegetative traits including percentage of rooting, number of roots produced, length of the rooting zone on stems, length of roots and number of stems produced were measured. In order to differentiate the hybrids, the cluster analysis method and the degree of effect of different traits on the indices were investigated through correlation analysis. The average establishment rate and preference index were 2.42±0.14 and 0.96±0.06, respectively. The most insensitive and the most sensitive hybrid base were Azop3(1386) and M9op3, respectively. Some of the vegetative characteristics of the hybrid rootstocks, including the average length of the productive root of the line have been effective in the occurrence of differences in the studied apple hybrid rootstocks in terms of establishment rate and host preference of wooly apple aphid. The results of this research are used in the future improvement programs of apple cultivars. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Apple, Pests, Pest management, Plant resistance, Dwarf genotypes | ||
| مراجع | ||
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