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فعالیت ضد قارچی Beauveria bassiana در برابر قارچ عامل خشکیدگی شمشاد خزری (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 10، شماره 1، شهریور 1401، صفحه 127-142 اصل مقاله (977.71 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2023.362305.333 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده معصومه زمانی* 1؛ سمیرا فراهانی2؛ ابراهیم زرقانی3؛ نرگس سپاسی4 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار،باغ گیاه شناسی نوشهر، موسسه تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،نوشهر، ا یران | ||
| 4پژوهشگر، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شمشاد خزری از ارزشمندترین درختان پهن‌برگ همیشه‌سبز جنگل‌های هیرکانی است و متاسفانه در دهه اخیر به بیماری بلایت ناشی از قارچ Cylindrocladium buxicola مبتلا شده است که خطر جدی برای بقا و تولید شمشاد می‌باشد. با توجه به وجود درختان شمشاد در اکوسیستم‌های جنگل و فضای سبز مناطق شهری، باید از ترکیبات ایمن و دوستدار محیط‌زیست برای کنترل بیماری استفاده شود. Beauveria bassiana قارچ اندوفیت گیاهی با توانایی بیماریزایی در حشرات است که خواص آن در افزایش رشد گیاهان، کنترل زیستی آفات و محدود کردن فعالیت قارچ‌های بیماری‌زای گیاهی در چندین گیاه میزبان ثابت شده است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی پتانسیل برخی از جدایه‌های B. bassiana بدست آمده از آفت برگخوار شمشاد (Cydalima perspectalis) در کنترل قارچ C. buxicola بود. فعالیت آنتاگونیستی چهار جدایه از B. bassiana با استفاده از کشت دوگانه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و همچنین گیاهان با تلقیح قارچ اندوفیت در بذور گیاهان و تلقیح قارچ پاتوژن در برگ‌ها ارزیابی شد. هر چهار جدایه قادر به برقراری ارتباط اندوفیتی روی گیاهچه‌های شمشاد بودند. همه جدایه‌ها در شرایط آزمایشگاهی فعالیت ضدقارچی قابل توجهی در برابر C. buxicola (53–88%) نشان دادند. در نتیجه تلقیح قارچ اندوفیت به گیاه، اثر حفاظتی بالایی در برابر قارچ بلایت مشاهده شد و درصد سطح خسارت برگی در گیاهان شمشاد تلقیح شده با قارچ‌های اندوفیت به‌طور معنی‌داری کمتر از گیاهانی بود که فقط توسط پاتوژن تلقیح شده بودند. نتایج این تحقیق مسیر را برای استفاده موثرتر از B. bassiana در مدیریت تلفیقی و همزمان آفت برگخوار شمشاد خزری و قارچ عامل بلایت این گیاهان و همچنین افزایش رشد گیاه میزبان هموار می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| قارچ‌های بیمارگر حشرات؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ میکروارگانیسم‌های مفید؛ فعالیت ضد قارچی؛ Cylindrocladium buxicola؛ Cydalima perspectalis | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Antifungal Activity of Beauveria bassiana Endophyte against Boxwood Blight Pathogen (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyedeh Masoomeh Zamani1؛ Samira Farahani2؛ Ebrahim Zarghani3؛ Narges Sepasi4 | ||
| 1Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Botanical Garden of Noshahr, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Nowshahr, Iran | ||
| 4Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Caspian boxwood is one of the most valuable broadleaf evergreen trees in Hyrcanian forests and unfortunately, in the last decade, it has been affected by blight disease caused by the fungus Cylindrocladium buxicola, which is a serious threat to the survival and production of boxwood. Due to the presence of boxwood trees in the forest ecosystems and green spaces of urban areas, safe and environmentally friendly compounds should be used to control the disease. Beauveria bassiana is a plant endophytic fungus with pathogenic ability in insects, whose properties have been proven to increase plant growth, biocontrol pests and limit the activity of phytopathogenic fungi in several host plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of some B. bassiana isolates obtained from the Cydalima perspectalis in controlling the fungus C. buxicola. Antagonistic activity of four isolates of B. bassiana was evaluated using double culture in laboratory conditions and also in the plants by inoculation of endophyte fungus in seeds of plants and inoculation of pathogen fungus in leaves. All four isolates were able to establish endophytic relationship on boxwood seedlings. All isolates showed significant antifungal activity against C. buxicola (53–88%) in vitro. As a result of inoculating the plant with endophytic fungi, a high protective effect against blight fungus was observed and the percentage of leaf damage in boxwood plants inoculated with endophytic fungi was significantly lower than the plants that were inoculated only by the pathogen. The results of this research pave the way for a more effective use of B. bassiana in the integrated and simultaneous management of the leaf–eating pest of Caspian boxwood and the blight fungus of these plants, as well as increasing the growth of the host plant. . | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Insect pathogenic fungi, biological control, beneficial microorganisms, antifungal activity, Cylindrocladium buxicola, Cydalima perspectalis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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