اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها2,944
تعداد مقالات33,229
تعداد مشاهده مقاله43,862,167
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله20,368,729
عسکری بزایه, فاطمه, آبیار, نور محمد, عباسی مژدهی, محمدرضا. (1402). ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1391. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 31(3), 227-255. doi: 10.30490/aead.2023.359683.1457
فاطمه عسکری بزایه; نور محمد آبیار; محمدرضا عباسی مژدهی. "ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1391". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 31, 3, 1402, 227-255. doi: 10.30490/aead.2023.359683.1457
عسکری بزایه, فاطمه, آبیار, نور محمد, عباسی مژدهی, محمدرضا. (1402). 'ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1391', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 31(3), pp. 227-255. doi: 10.30490/aead.2023.359683.1457
عسکری بزایه, فاطمه, آبیار, نور محمد, عباسی مژدهی, محمدرضا. ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1391. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 31(3): 227-255. doi: 10.30490/aead.2023.359683.1457

ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان در بازه زمانی 1387 تا 1391

اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه
مقاله 8، دوره 31، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 123، آذر 1402، صفحه 227-255    اصل مقاله (573.9 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30490/aead.2023.359683.1457
نویسندگان
فاطمه عسکری بزایه* 1؛ نور محمد آبیار2؛ محمدرضا عباسی مژدهی3
1نویسندة مسئول و پژوهشگر بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران.
2استادیار بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. گرگان. ایران.
3استادیار بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران.
چکیده
سرمایه‌گذاری در تحقیقات کشاورزی یکی از عوامل اصلی افزایش بهره‌وری کشاورزی است که اثرات چشمگیر بر رشد اقتصادی، کاهش فقر و امنیت غذایی دارد. در پژوهش حاضر، بازده اقتصادی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی خاتمه‏ یافتة سال‌های 1387 تا 1391 در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان با استفاده از رهیافت تحلیل مازاد اقتصادی بررسی شد. این رهیافت از چارچوب بازار استفاده می‏‌کند که در آن، کاربرد دستاورد تحقیقات باعث جابه­ جایی منحنی عرضه می‌شود. بر پایه یافته‌های پژوهش، نرخ بازده داخلی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مرکز گیلان، به‌طور میانگین، بیش از 49 درصد بوده است که در محدوده عمده بازده‌های گزارش‌شدة تحقیقات مورد بررسی (بیست تا شصت درصد) قرار می‌‌‌گیرد. میانگین نسبت فایده به هزینه فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مورد بررسی مرکز گیلان به میزان 7/6 و کمینه و بیشینة آن، به‏ ترتیب، صفر و 52 ریال بوده، که این نسبت به‌دست‌آمده بسیار کمتر از رقم گزارش‌شدة جهانی مبنی بر 32 دلار است. ارزش کنونی خالص فواید فعالیت‌های پژوهشی مورد بررسی در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی استان گیلان در دوره پذیرش یافته‌های آنها بیش از 853611025002 ریال به‌دست آمده و به‌طورکلی، فعالیت‌های پژوهشی این مرکز دارای بازده اقتصادی و اثربخشی بوده است؛ اما در مقایسه با میانگین آنها در گسترة جهانی، بسیار کم ارزیابی می‌شود. توانمندسازی علمی و اعتباری نهاد ترویج در بخش کشاورزی و اولویت‌گذاری فعالیت‌های پژوهشی از جمله پیشنهاد‌هایی است که می‌تواند در افزایش بازده اقتصادی و اثربخشی فعالیت‌های پژوهشی و نیز در افزایش تولیدات کشاورزی و رفاه ذی‏نفعان تحقیقات مؤثر باشد، چراکه رسالت نهاد ترویج کشاورزی نشر و  انتقال دستاوردهای پژوهشی به عرصه‌های تولید و بهره‌برداران است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی؛ تحلیل مازاد اقتصادی؛ نسبت فایده به هزینه؛ نرخ بازده داخلی؛ گیلان (استان)
عنوان مقاله [English]
Economic Impact Assessment of Research Activities in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Guilan Province of Iran during 2008-2012
نویسندگان [English]
Fatemeh Askari-Bozayeh1؛ Noor Mohammad Abyar2؛ Mohammad Reza Abbasi Mojdehi3
1Corresponding Author and Researcher, Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
2Assistant Professor, Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Investing in agricultural research is one of the main factors in increasing agricultural productivity, which has significant effects on economic growth, poverty alleviation, and food security. Despite the role of agricultural research, the evidence shows that the public sector agricultural research systems, especially in developing countries, have shortage of resources over recent decades and faced the challenge of financing the agricultural research projects. In such circumstances, documenting the benefits of agricultural research is a primary requirement for an appropriate level of public support. In this research, the economic impact assessment of research activities in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Guilan province in Iran was examined.
 Materials and Methods: In the first place, the economic surplus analysis approach was used to evaluate the economic impact of the research activities of the investigated center. This approach uses a market framework in which the achievement of research (knowledge or technology) causes a shift in the supply curve, so that the economic benefits as a surplus accrued to producers and consumers, resulting from changes in price and quantity (value) product are calculated; therefore, it becomes possible to determine the return on investment in a research by calculating the increase in the economic surplus (welfare) of producers and consumers during the application of its achievements.
 Results and Discussion: Based on the findings of the research, the internal rate of return of the research activities of the Guilan center was 49 percent on average, which is lower than the rate of 81.3 percent reported by some studies (eg Alston et al., 2010); but it is in line with the reported results of some other studies (eg Fuglie and Heisey, 2007) that recorded the major returns of the research under review between 20 and 60 percent. The average benefit-cost ratio of the investigated research activities of Guilan center was 6.7 and its minimum and maximum were 0 and 52, respectively. In other words, in this research center, some research projects lacked efficiency and economic benefits. The Net Present Value (NPV) of the benefits of the investigated research activities of the Guilan center during the acceptance period of their findings amounted to 853611025002 IRI rials. The research departments of animal science, agriculture and horticulture, plant protection, technical and engineering, and soil and water with the average benefit-cost ratios of 11.4, 8.5, 5.1, 3.3 and 3.1, respectively, had the highest to lowest returns and appeared to be economic usefulness and their research activities were generally justified and profitable. The average economic return or cost-benefit ratio of research departments was calculated as 6.7, indicating that with each IRI rial allocated to research activities, an average of 6.7 IRI rials of efficiency and economic effectiveness would be achieved; considering the global average obtained by the former mentioned study (Alston et al., 2010) of $ 32, it seemed to be underestimated.
 Conclusions: In general, the research activities of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Guilan province have the economic return and effectiveness, but these are relatively less than the average in the world.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Economic Impact Assessment, Economic Surplus Analysis, Benefit-Cost Ratio, Internal Rate of Return, Guilan (Province)
مراجع
  • Abyar, N.M., & Hosseini, S.S. (2015). Developing a multi-criteria model for prioritizing agricultural research in the agro-climatic zones of Iran. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
  • Abyar, N.M., Hosseini, S.S., Salami, H. & Paykani, Gh. (2015). Evaluation of the economic effects of research on cotton varieties under risk conditions in the agro-climatic zones of Iran. Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches, 3(1): 103-117. [In Persian]
  • Ahmed, U.I., Ying, L., Bashir, M.K., Abid, M. & Zulfigar, F. (2017). Status and determinants of small farming households’ food security and role of market access in enhancing food security in rural Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 12(10): DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185466.
  • Allahyari, Kh. (2013). Investigating the return on investment in agricultural research: a case study of wet wheat research in Golestan province. Master's Thesis, Faculty of Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. [In Persian]
  • Alston, J.M., Philip, G., Pardey, P.G. & Xudong, R. (2020). The magic of CGIAR research: Harvesting $10 from every $1 Miscellaneous Publications 337030, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
  • Alston, M. (2010). The benefits from agricultural research and development, innovation, and productivity growth. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 31. Paris: OECD Publishing. DOI: 10.1787/5km91nfsnkwg-en.
  • Alston, J.M., Andersen, M.A., James, J.S. & Pardey, P.G. (2010). Persistence pays: U.S. agricultural productivity growth and the benefits from public R&D spending. New York: Springer.
  • Alston, J.M., Wyatt, T.J., Pardey, P.G., Marra, M.C. & Chan-Kang, C. (2000). A meta-analysis of rates of return to agricultural R&D: Ex Pede Herculem? International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Research Report No. 113, Washington D.C.
  • Alston, J.M., Norton, G.W. & Pardey, P.G. (1995). Science under scarcity: principles and practice for agricultural research evaluation and priority setting. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, pp. 513.
  • Asadi, H. (2012). Determining the rate of return on investment in the research of different cultivars of wet grains in Iran (wheat and wet barley). The Final Report of the Research Project. Seed and Plant Improvement Institue, Karaj, Iran. [In Persian]
  • Cook, D.C., Fraser, R.W., Paini, D.R., Warden, A.C., Lonsdale, W.M. & De Barro, P.J. (2011). Biosecurity and yield improvement technologies are strategic complements in the fight against food insecurity. PLoS ONE, 6(10): e26084. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026084.
  • Elferink, M., & Schierhorn, F. (2016). Global demand for food is rising. Can we meet it? Harvard Business Review, 7. Available at: https://hbr.org/2016/04/global-demand-for-food-is-rising-can-we-meet-it.
  • Evenson, R.E. (2001). Economic impacts of agricultural research and extension. In: B. Gardner and G. Rausser (Eds), Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 1A. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 573.
  • Fuglie, K.O., & Heisey, P.W. (2007). Economic returns to public agricultural research. EB-10, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
  • Fukase, E., & Martin, W.J. (2017). Economic growth, convergence, and world food demand and supply. Policy Research Working Paper 8257. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank Group, Development Research Group, Agriculture and Rural Development Team.
  • GANRREC (2019). Per capita credits allocated for research projects, the number of ongoing and completed research projects and the received credits of GANRREC. Rasht: Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (GANRREC), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Available at http://gilan.areeo.ac.ir. [In Persian]
  • Griliches, Z. (1958). Research cost and social returns: hybrid corn and related innovations. Journal of Political Economy, 66(5): 419-431.
  • Haghiri, M., & Rafati, M. (1996). Estimating the efficiency of investment in grain research. The Final Report of the Research Project. Office of Economic Reviews of Agricultural Research Plans, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
  • Hosseini, S., Sadeghian, S.Y. & Hassanpour, E. (2007). Assessing the effects of sugar beet research on the shift of sugar supply in Iran. Journal of Sugar Beet, 23(1): 79-92. [In Persian]
  • Hosseini, S.S., & Shahbazi, H. (2014). Assessment of R&D role for agricultural supply and demand gap adjustment. Agricultural Economics and Development, 21(84): 177-203. DOI: 10.30490/aead.2014.58724. [In Persian]
  • Huffman, W.E. (2010). Measuring Public Agricultural Research Capital and Its Contribution to State Agricultural Productivity. Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Working Paper 09022.
  • Huffman, W.E., & Evenson, R.E. (2006a). Science for agriculture: a long-term perspective. The Second Edition. Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Huffman, W.E., & Evenson, R.E. (2006b). Do formula or competitive grant funds have greater impact on state agricultural productivity? American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 88(4).
  • Jerzak, M.A., & Śmiglak-Krajewska, M. (2020). Globalization of the market for development and food security in EU countries illustrated by the example of Poland. Sustainability, 12(3). DOI: 10.3390/su12030888.
  • Maredia, M., Byerlee, D. & Anderson, J.R. (2000). Ex-post evaluation of economic impacts of agricultural research programs: a tour of good practice. Paper Presented to the Workshop on "The Future of Impact Assessment in CGIAR: Needs, Constraints, and Options", Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Technical Advisory Committee, Rome, Italy, pp. 42.
  • Masters, W.A., Coalibaly, B., Sanogo, D., Sidibe, M. & Williams, A. (1996). The economic impact of agricultural research: a practical guide. West Lafayette, Indiana State, USA: Purdue University, pp. 45.
  • Nikooei, A.R., Bagheri, A., Ghandi, A. & Zare, E. (2007). Study of investment output on agricultural researches: case study: researches on Mahdavi variety in Isfahan province. Islamic Azad University, Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 12(2): 251-261. [In Persian]
  • Pardey, P.G., Alston, J.M. & Chan-Kang, C. (2013). Public agricultural R&D over the past half century: an emerging new world order. Agricultural Economics, 44(S1): 103-113.
  • Patrick, I., & Vere, D.T. (1994). Ex ante assessment of the returns to livestock disease control in Indonesia. Agricultural Economics, 11(1): 83-91.
  • Pawlak, K., & Kołodziejczak. M. (2020). The role of agriculture in ensuring food security in developing countries: considerations in the context of the problem of sustainable food production. Sustainability, 12(3). DOI: 10.3390/su12135488.
  • Prosekov, A.Y., & Ivanova, S.A. (2018). Food security: The challenge of the Present. Geoforum, Vol. 91. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.02.030.
  • Roseboom, (2002). Essays on agricultural research investment.Thesis, Wageningen: Wageningen University.
  • Sibhatu, K.T., & Qaim, M. (2017). Rural food security, subsistence agriculture, and seasonality. PLoS ONE, 12(10): e0186406. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186406.
  • Silva, G. (2018). Feeding the world in 2050 and beyond–Part 1: Productivity challenges. Michigan State University Extension. Available at https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/feeding-the-world-in-2050-and-beyond-part-1.
  • Smutka, L., Steininger, M. & Miffek, O. (2009). World agricultural production and consumption. Agris on-line Papers Economics and Informormatics, 1(2): 3-12. Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Economics and management, Department of Economics. Available at https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/96851/files/agris_on-line_2009_2_smutka_steininger_miffek.pdf.
  • Vatanpour, M., Koochaki, A., Nasiri Mahallati, M. & Ghorbani, M. (2017).  Evaluating the effect of agricultural researches on productivity growth of cereals in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 25(98): 193-216. [In Persian]
  • Vollaro, M., Raggi, M. & Viaggi, D. (2021). Public R&D and European agriculture: impact onproductivity and return on R&D expenditure. Bio-based and Applied Economics, 10(1). DOI: 10.36253/bae-9928.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 215
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 179


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب