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فعالیت آنتاگونیستی جدایه‌های باکتریایی متعلق به Bacillus علیه بیماری سوختگی شمشاد جنگلی در شرایط گلخانه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، اسفند 1400، صفحه 153-164 اصل مقاله (535.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2023.361440.329 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| سمانه سماوات* | ||
| استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شیوع بیماری سوختگی روی شمشاد جنگلی ناشی از قارچ Calonectria pseudonaviculata در جنگل‌های هیرکانی منجر به تلاش برای یافتن روش‌های مؤثر به منظور کنترل این بیماری شده است. از جمله این روش‌ها می‌توان به کنترل زیستی بیماری توسط میکروارگانیسم‌های مفید اشاره کرد. در همین راستا، پژوهش حاضر در دو سطح آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه‌ای و در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. در ابتدا، به کمک آزمون کشت متقابل فعالیت آنتاگونیستی 15 جدایه ازBacillus علیه قارچ بیمارگر بررسی شد و جدایه‌های باکتریایی برتر (FRBP2، FRBS9، FRBS10، و (FRBS15 به کمک آزمون‌های بیوشیمیایی استاندارد در سطح گونه شناسایی شدند. تبوکونازول و ® Serenadeبه ترتیب به عنوان شاهد کنترل شیمیایی و زیستی و مطابق با دستورالعمل مربوطه استفاده شدند. در شرایط گلخانه، اثر سوسپانسیون جدایه‌های باکتریایی برتر CFU/ml)108)، بر درصد شدت بیماری سوختگی شمشاد جنگلی ارزیابی شد. در میان جدایه‌های باکتریایی، بیشترین بازدارندگی از رشد پرگنه قارچ (4/76%) و کمترین آن (5/26%) به ترتیب مربوط به FRBS9 B. subtilis و FRBP2 B. pumilus بود. در شرایط گلخانه نیز B. subtilis FRBS9 و B. subtilis FRBS10 کمترین شدت بیماری را منجر شدند و با ®Serenade اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری نشان ندادند (P<0.05). به این ترتیب، جدایه‌هایی از گونه‌های یکسان یا متفاوت از Bacillus، سطوح مختلفی از فعالیت آنتاگونیستی علیه قارچ بیمارگر هدف نشان دادند. این جدایه‌ها از طریق آنتی‌بیوز و تولید طیفی از آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها قادر به کنترل قارچ عامل سوختگی شمشاد جنگلی بودند. اما مطالعات بیشتری در زمینه شناسایی سایر مکانیسم‌های آنتاگونیستی و تهیه فرمولاسیون‌های مناسب از آن‌ها ضروری است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنتی بیوز؛ بلایت؛ سوسپانسیون؛ Bacillus pumilus؛ Bacillus subtilis | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Antagonistic activity of bacterial isolates belonging to Bacillus against boxwood blight disease under greenhouse conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Samaneh Samavat | ||
| Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The outbreak of boxwood blight disease caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in the Hyrcanian forests has led to efforts to find effective methods to control the disease. Biological control of the disease by beneficial microorganisms is one of these measures. In this regard, the present study was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications at both laboratory and greenhouse levels. First, the antagonistic activity of 15 Bacillus isolates against the fungal pathogen was investigated using the dual–culture test, and the superior isolates (FRBP2, FRBS9, FRBS10, and FRBS15) were identified using standard biochemical tests at the species level. Tebuconazole and Serenade® were used as chemical and biological controls, respectively, according to their relevant instructions. The effect of the superior isolates’ suspension (108 CFU/ml) on the severity percentage of boxwood blight disease was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Among the isolates, the highest (76.4%) and the lowest (26.5%) inhibition of the fungal colony growth was related to B. subtilis FRBS9 and B. pumilus FRBP2, respectively. In greenhouse conditions, B. subtilis FRBS9 and B. subtilis FRBS10 caused the lowest disease severity and showed no statistically significant difference with Serenade® (P<0.05). Thus, isolates belonging to the same or different species of Bacillus showed different levels of antagonistic activity against the target fungal pathogen. These isolates were able to control the fungal agent of boxwood blight through antibiosis and the production of a range of antibiotics. But more studies are needed to find their other antagonistic mechanisms and prepare their appropriate formulations. . | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antibiosis, blight, suspension, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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