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فعالیت حشره‌کشی خاک دیاتومه ایرانی به تنهایی و یا همراه با عصاره گیاهی پونه، Mentha longifolia برای کنترل حشرات کامل سوسک کشیش، Rhyzopertha dominica روی غلات مختلف | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 3، مرداد 1402، صفحه 207-217 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.52547/jesi.43.3.2 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فروغ زراسوندی؛ علی اصغر سراج* ؛ معصومه ضیایی | ||
| گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| حشرات آفات انباری سالانه خسارت قابل توجهی به غلات وارد کرده و باعث کاهش ارزش کمی و کیفی محصولات انباری می‌شوند. از مهمترین مشکلات کنترل آفات انباری بوسیله آفت‌کش‌های شیمیایی، مقاوم شدن آفات به این آفت‌کش‌ها، باقی ماندن پسماندهای روی محصولات غذایی و به خطر انداختن سلامت محیط زیست و سایر جانداران است. خاک دیاتومه بعنوان جایگزین مناسب برای حشره‌کش‌های شیمیایی بوده و می‌تواند به عنوان یکی از بخش‌های برنامه‌های کنترل تلفیقی آفات مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در این مطالعه، اثر حشره‌کشی خاک دیاتومه علیه حشرات کامل سوسک کشیشRhyzoperta dominica F. (Coleptera: Bostrychidae) در توده غلات مختلف شامل گندم، جو، برنج، شلتوک و ذرت بررسی شد. دانه‌های غلات با غلظت 400 پی‌پی‌ام فرمولاسیون تجاری Silicosec®، فرمولاسیون ایرانی Dryasil به تنهایی، فرمولاسیون ایرانی Dryasil + 05/0 درصد عصاره پونه (Mentha longifolia L)، پودر تالک + 05/0 درصد عصاره پونه، به طور جداگانه و به همراه شاهد تیمار شدند. تلفات حشرات کامل 1، 5، ۷، 10 و ۱۴ روز بعد از تیمار شمارش شد. فرمولاسیون ایرانی Dryasil و فرمولاسیون تجاری Silicosec®، به طور معنی داری قادر به کنترل حشرات کامل در توده غلات بودند. میانگین درصد تلفات حشرات کامل سوسک کشیش در گندم، جو، برنج، شلتوک و ذرت تیمار شده با Silicosec® به ترتیب 3/53، 8/98، 4/44، 0/60 و 8/68 درصد، 14 روز پس از تیمار گزارش شد. در صورتی که فرمولاسیون ایرانی خاک دیاتومه توانست به ترتیب 0/50، 1/91، 0/60، 8/58 و 2/67 درصد تلفات روی حشرات کامل سوسک کشیش ایجاد کند. اثر حشره‌کشی خاک‌های دیاتومه با گذشت زمان افزایش پیدا کرد. کمترین مقدار LT50 در جو گزارش شد که نشان دهنده حفاظت بیشتر این محصول نسبت به سایر غلات بود. در جو، Silicosec®، Dryasil و Dryasil + عصاره پونه به ترتیب بعد از 06/3، 39/5، و 01/9 روز باعث 50 درصد تلفات روی حشرات کامل سوسک کشیش شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفت انباری؛ پودر تالک؛ فرمولاسیون؛ مدیریت آفات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Insecticidal activity of Iranian diatomaceous earth, alone or in combination with Mentha longifolia plant extract to control Rhyzopertha dominica adults on different cereals | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Frooq Zarasvandi؛ Ali Asghar Seraj؛ Masumeh Ziaee | ||
| Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Storage insect pests cause considerable damage to grains every year, and reduce quantitative and qualitative value of stored products. One of the most important problems of controlling storage pests with chemical pesticides is occurrence of resistant to these pesticides, residues remaining on food products and endangering the health of the environment and other living beings. Diatomaceous earth has been introduced as a suitable alternative to chemical insecticides and can be used as one of the parts of integrated pest control programs. In this study, the insecticidal effect of different formulations of diatomaceous earth was evaluated against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzoperta dominica F. (Coleptera: Bostrychidae) adults in different grains including wheat, barley, rice, paddy and corn. Cereal grains were treated with a concentration of 400 ppm of a commercial formulation, Silicosec®, Iranian DE formulation Dryasil alone, Dryasil + 0.05% plant extract (Mentha longifolia L.), talcum powder + 0.05% M. longifolia extract. The insects’ mortality was counted 1, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after treatment. The Dryasil formulation and Silicosec® were significantly controlled the populations of tested insects in the grain mass. The mean mortality percentage of R. dominica in wheat, barley, rice, paddy and corn treated with Silicosec® were 53.3, 98.8, 44.4, 60.0 and 68.8%, respectively, 14 days after treatment. While the Iranian formulation of diatomaceous earth was able to control 50.0, 91.1, 60.0, 58.8 and 67.2 % of R. dominica adults, respectively. The insecticidal effect of diatomaceous earth increased over time. The lowest LT50 value was reported in barley, which indicated greater protection of this product than other cereals. In barley, Silicosec®, Dryasil, and Dryasil + M. longifolia extract caused 50% mortality on R. dominica adults after 3.06, 5.39, and 9.01 days, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Stored product pest, formulation, talcum powder, pest management | ||
| مراجع | ||
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