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بررسی تأثیر Bacillus subtilis و کیتوزان در مهار زیستی نماتد مولد گره ریشه Meloidogyne incognita روی گوجه‌فرنگی | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2، اسفند 1401، صفحه 153-163 اصل مقاله (489.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2023.363994.353 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ابوالفضل یحیوی آزاد* 1؛ آمنه حسینی‌خواه چوشلی2؛ سیدسجاد سیدقاسمی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته دکتری بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، مؤسسه آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی دیلمان، لاهیجان، گیلان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نماتد مولد گره ریشه (Meloidogyne incognita) از مهم‌ترین عوامل بیماری‌زای گیاهی گوجه‌فرنگی (Solanum lycopersicum)، بوده که در سراسر جهان و ازجمله ایران، خسارت اقتصادی ایجاد می‌کند. به‌منظور ارزیابی مهار زیستی این نماتد با استفاده از باکتری Bacillus subtilis و کیتوزان، پس از تکثیر نماتد روی رقم حساس گوجه‌فرنگی ((Early Orbana Y و تهیه جمعیت خالص و انبوه این نماتد، گیاهان، با محلول سه در هزار پروبیو 96 (حاوی باکتری B. subtilis) و کیتوپلاس (حاوی کیتوزان) آبیاری شدند. پس از گذشت 45 روز از اعمال تیمارها، نهال‌ها از گلخانه به آزمایشگاه منتقل و شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه مانند وزن تر و خشک شاخساره، طول شاخساره، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و طول ریشه و هم‌چنین شاخص‌های بیماری‌زایی و رشد و نموی نماتد میانگین تعداد گال، تعداد توده تخم نماتد در ریشه، تعداد تخم نماتد در ریشه، تعداد لاروهای سن دوم در خاک و شاخص گال اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از باکتری B. subtilis و کیتوزان، به‌تنهایی و یا در ترکیب با یکدیگر، سبب افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه و کاهش شاخص‌های بیماری‌زایی نماتد گردید. بنابراین بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده در این پژوهش می‌توان این‌گونه استنباط نمود که، استفاده از این ترکیبات به‌عنوان یکی از راهکارهای کارآمد در برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی نماتد گرهی ریشه در گوجه‌فرنگی، پیشنهاد می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گوجه‌فرنگی؛ مهار زیستی؛ نماتد مولد گره ریشه؛ کیتوزان؛ Bacillus subtilis | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Bacillus subtilis and chitosan in Biological Control of Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Tomato | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Aboulfazl Yahyavi Azad1؛ Ameneh Hosseinikhah Choshali2؛ Seyyed Sajjad Seyyed Ghasemi3 | ||
| 1Ph. D. Student in Plant Pathology, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph. D Graduate of Plant Pathology, Islamic Azad University, Research Science Unit, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Master Degree of Plant Pathology, Deylaman Institute of Higher Education, Lahijan, Guilan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The root–knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) is one of the most important plant pathogens, causing economic damage worldwide and in Iran. In order to biologically control this nematode, after nematode multiplication on the susceptible tomato variety (Early Orbana Y) and obtaining a pure and abundant nematode population, the plants were irrigated with a solution of 3 per thousand Probi 96 (containing Bacillus subtilis) and Chitoplus (containing chitosan). After 45 days of applying the treatments, the seedlings were transferred from the greenhouse to the laboratory, and growth indices such as fresh and dry shoot weight, shoot length, fresh and dry root weight, root length. Also, disease indices such as the average number of galls, the number of nematode egg masses in the root, the number of nematode eggs in the root, the number of second–stage juveniles in the soil, and the gall index were measured. The results showed that the use of B. subtilis and chitosan, either alone or in combination, led to an increase in plant growth indices and a reduction in nematode pathogenicity indices. Therefore, based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the use of these compounds is suggested as one of the effective strategies in an integrated management program for root–knot nematodes in tomatoes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Tomato, Biological Control, Root knot Nematode, Chitosan, Bacillus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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