| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,038 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,991 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,938,516 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,248,440 |
ارزیابی عملکرد دانه، اجزاء عملکرد، روغن و برخی صفات زراعی ارقام گلرنگ در تاریخ های مختلف کشت زمستانه در منطقه سیستان | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 137، بهمن 1402، صفحه 74-49 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2024.352717.1515 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیدرضا فنایی* 1؛ منصور سارانی2؛ مجید رضا کیانی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار - بخش تحقیقات ژنتیک و ذخائر توراثی -موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، زابل، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه، روغن و برخی ویژگی‌های زراعی ارقام گلرنگ، در تاریخ های مختلف کشت زمستانه، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی درسه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 1391-1392 و 1393-1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی زهک اجرا گردید. تاریخ کاشت در شش سطح (1، 20 دی، 10،30 بهمن و 20 اسفند) عامل اصلی و رقم در چهار سطح (گلدشت، پدیده، فرامان و گل مهر عامل فرعی بودند. بالاترین عملکرد دانه در سال اول با میانگین 1253 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد که نسبت به سال دوم 6 درصد افزایش داشت. تاریخ کاشت اول دی‌ماه با 1611 کیلوگرم در هکتار نسبت به تاریخ کاشت دوم (20 دی)، سوم (10 بهمن)، چهارم (1اسفند) و پنجم (20 اسفند) به ترتیب 16، 24، 37 و 44 درصد افزایش در عملکرد دانه داشت. با تاخیر کشت از اول دی ماه، روزانه حدود 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار از عملکرد دانه کاسته شد. برهمکنش رقم × تاریخ کاشت×سال بالاترین عملکرد دانه را در سال اول، تاریخ کاشت اول دی ماه و رقم فرامان با میانگین 2090 کیلوگرم در هکتار داشت. درصد روغن در تاریخ کاشت اول دی نسبت به 20 اسفند حدود 9 درصد و ارقام پدیده و گل مهر نسبت به ارقام گلدشت و فرامان به ترتیب 9 و 6 درصد دراین تاریخ کشت افزایش نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج تاریخ کاشت از اوایل (1 دی) تا اواخر دی ماه (20 دی) با استفاده از ارقام زودرس فرامان و گلدشت مناسب و قابل توصیه تر می‌باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| "اجزای عملکرد"؛ "شاخص برداشت"؛ "فنولوژی"؛ "گلرنگ" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of grain yield, yield components, oil and some agronomic traits of safflower cultivars on winter sowing different dates of in Sistan region | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid reza Fanaei1؛ mansoor saranei2؛ majid reza kiani3 | ||
| 1Associate Prof. Department of Genetics and National Plant Gene Bank of Iran (NPGBI). Seed and plant improvement research institute. AREEO, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Prof.,Plant Protection Research Deparhnent, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zabol. Iran. | ||
| 3Scientific Staff- Khorasan Agricultural and education and natural resources researches center | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Planting date is considered to play a crucial role in decision-making processes of crop production and management, especially in the areas where plants are impacted by deleterious factors such as terminal cold and drought, early drought stress and extreme heat (Behdani & Jami Al-Ahmadi, 2008). In the studies conducted in different regions, delay in planting time in both autumn and spring resulted in decreases in grain, and oil yield, number of seeds per head, number of heads per plant, 1000-seed weight, plant height, number of leaves per plant, and dry weight of shoot (Solhe oskouei et al., 2016 ; Deltalab et al., 2011). Therefore, this experiment was performed to find the best winter sowing date for different cultivars and to investigate changes in grain yield, yield components and oil of safflower cultivars under delayed cultivation. Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out in a split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in two years, 2013 and 2014 at Zahak Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station, Sistan and Baluchestan province. The main plot consisted of five sowing dates including: 21th Dec., 9th Jan., 29th Jan., 19th Feb. and 10th Mar. and the subplot was assigned to four cultivars; Golldasht, Padideh, Faraman, Gollmehr, which were independently randomized. In this study, yield characteristics and components of grain yield, agronomic and phonological traits in addition to grain oil content were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using MSTAT-c software. Results & Discussion: The combined analysis of variance indicated significant effect of year, and cultivar on the all traits phenological, morphological, grain yield and its components as well as oil content. Goldasht and Faraman cultivars, at all the sowing dates, showed shorter time to physiological maturity. The highest mean of plant height (114 cm) was observed at the first sowing date (21th Dec.), which was 20% and 28% higher than the fourth (19th Feb.) and the fifth (10th Mar.) sowing dates, respectively. Padideh and Golmehr cultivars showed the highest plant height. Grain yield in the first year increased by 6% relative to the second year. The seed yield at the first sowing date (21th Dec.) was 1611 kg.ha -1, which was 16%, 24%, 37% and 44% greater than at the second (9th Jan.), the third (29th Jan.), the fourth (19th Feb) and the fifth (10 Mar.) sowing dates, respectively. A delayed planting from 21th Dec. declined the grain yield at a rate of 10 kg.ha-1 per day. The results for the triple interactive effects of cultivar × planting date × year showed that the highest grain yield was achieved in the first year × first sowing date (21th Dec. × the genotypes of Faraman and Goldasht with a mean yield of 2090 and 1758 kg.ha-1. Oil content was increased as the planting date was shifted from 21th Dec. to 10th Mar. The oil percentage at the first sowing date (21th Dec.) relative to the fifth sowing date (10th Mar,) increased by about 9% and among the cultivars, Padideh and Golmehr had 9% and 6% more oil content than Goldasht and Faraman, respectively. Seed yield showed the highest positive and significant correlation coefficient with number of boll per plant (r = 0.76 **), number of grain per boll (r = 0.75 **), and 1000-seed weight (r = 0. 47 **). Conclusion: Losing the appropriate planting date for winter cultivation system of safflower, shifting from early January to early February, can lead to a compensatory seed yield production. In fact, at these dates, suitable environmental conditions facilitate increased duration of vegetative growth and the formation of higher yield components such as number of florets per boll, boll per plant and grain per boll as compared to late planting date. Among the studied cultivars, Faraman and Goldasht produced the highest grain yield at the all planting dates, maybe due to the higher number of grain per boll and 1000-seed weight. To achieve maximum grain and oil yield in winter safflower cultivation for the conditions of Sistan region, sowing from early January (first date 21th Dec.) to late January (second date (9th Jan) using early maturity cultivars, such as Faraman and Goldasht cultivars is recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| "Harvest index", "Phenology", "Safflower", "Yield components" | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahadi, K., Jafarzadeh Kenarsari, M., and Rokhzadi, A. 2011. Effects of sowing date and planting density on growth and yield of safflower cultivars as second crop. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(9): 2756-2760. Ahmadi, M.R., and Omidi, A.H. 1996. Evaluation seed yield and effect of harvest date on rate of oil spring and fall safflower cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 27: 29-34. (In Persian with English abstract). Amami, S.A., and Soleimani, A. 2008. Determine of suitable sowing date and cultivars in fall safflower under conditions Isfahan climate. The Proceeding of Eleventh of Iranian Crop Science Congress. Shahid Bahashte University, Tehran. 23-26 Julay Page: 277. Ashkani, J., Pakniyat, H., Emam, Y., Assad, M.T., and Bahrani, M.J. 2008. The evaluation and relationship of some physiological traits in spring safflower (Carthamus tintorius) under stress and non-stress water regimes. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9: 267-277. (In Persian with English abstract). Arslan, B., Culpan, E. 2018. Identification of suitable safflower genotypes for the development of new cultivars with high seed yield, oil content and oil quality. Azarian Journal Agricultuer, 5: 133–141. Bassil, B.S., and Kaffka, S.R. 2002. Response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to saline soils and irrigation. II Crop response to salinity. Agriculture Water Management, 54: 81-92. Behdani, M.G.H., and Jami Al-Ahmadi, M. 2008. Evaluation of growth and yield of safflower cultivars in different planting dates. Iranian Journal of Crop Research, 6 (2): 245-254. (In Persian with English abstract). Bagheri, H., Saeedi G., and Ehsanzade, P. 2006. Evaluation of agronomic traits of selected genotypes from native accessions of safflower in spring and summer sowing dates. Journal of Science and Technology. 10: 375-390. (In Persian with English abstract). Bagheri, H., Andalibi, B., and Azimi-Moghaddam, R. 2012. Effect of atrazine anti-transpiration application on improving physiological traits, yield and yield components of safflower under rainfed condition. Journal of Crops Improvement, 14: 1-16. (In Persian with English abstract). Camas, N., Cirak, C., and Esendal, E. 2007. Seed yield, oil content and fatty acids composition of safflower (Carthamus tintorius) grown in Northen Turkey condition. Journal of Agricultural, 22(1): 98-104. Danieli, P.P., Primi, R., Ronchi, B., Ruggeri, R., Rossini, F., Del Puglia, S., and Cereti, C.F. 2011. The potential role of spineless saflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. var. inermis) as fodder crop in central Italy. Italian Journal Agronomy, 6:19–22. Deltalab, B., Kazemi- Arbat, H., and Pasban-Eslam, B. 2011. The effect of sowing dates on yield, yield components and oil content of three spring safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under full irrigation regime in Tabriz. Journal of Crop and Weed Ecophysiology, 5(19).11-23. (In Persian with English abstract). El-Lattief, E.A. 2012. Evaluation of 25 sa_ower genotypes for seed and oil yields under arid environment in upper Egypt. Asian Journal Crop Science, 4: 72-79. Haidarizadeh, P.B., Sabz Aliyan, M., and Khaje Pour, M.R. 2004. Effect of temperature, day length on vegetative growth and grain yield in safflower genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,12(45). 376-365. (In Persian with English abstract). Hosseini, S.Z. 2016. Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield and Yield Components of Safflower Genotypes under Late Season Drought Stress Conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology,10(3):697-716. (In Persian with English abstract). Fanaei, H.R. 2019. Safflower winter cultivation instructions in rotation with wheat in Sistan region.. Karaj: AREEO. Agricultural Education and Extension Institute. Publication of Agricultural Education.p:24 (In Persian). Fanaei, H.R., and Narouirad, M.R. 2014. Study of yield, yield components and tolerance to drought stress in safflower genotypes. Electronic Journal of Crop Production. 7 (3): 33-51. (In Persian with English abstract). Fanaei1, H.R., . Kakha, G.H., Davtalab, N., and Sarananie, F. 2015. Evalution of seed yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in response to delay planting. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi),108: 65-73. (In Persian with English abstract). Jamshidmoghaddam, M., and Alizadeh, K. 2018. Study on effect of planting time on seed yield, oil content and someagronomic traits of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes under moderate cold and cold dryland condition. Iranian Journal of Rain fed Agriculture, 6(2):229-267. (In Persian with English abstract). Johnson, R.C., Petrie, S.E., Franchini, M.C., and Evans, M. 2012. Yield and yield components of winter-type safflower. Crop Science, 52:2358-2364. Khaje Pour, M.R., and Sidi, F. 2000. Effect of planting date on yield components and yield of sunflower oil. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 4 (2): 127-117. Koutroubas, S.D., Papakosta., D.K., and Doitsinis, A. 2009. Phenotypic variation in physiological determinants of yield in spring sown safflower under Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 112: 199-204. Koutroubas, S.D., Papakosta, D.K. 2005. Adaptation, grain yield and oil content of safflower in Greece. In Proceedings of the VIth International Saflower Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, .pp. 161–166. Khalid, N., Sanaullah Khan, R., Iftikhar Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Ahmad, A., and Ahmed, I. 2017. A comprehensive characterisation of safflower oil for its potential applications as a bioactive food ingredient - A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 66: 176-186. La Bella, S., Tuttolomondo, T., Lazzeri, L., Matteo, R., Leto, C., and Licata, M. 2019. An Agronomic evaluation of new safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Germplasm for Seed and Oil Yields under Mediterranean Climate Conditions. Agronomy,9: 468.1-16. Mirzakhani, M., and Omide, A.H. 2008. Comparison of cold tolerance and seed yield of pre-frozen spring varieties and autumn safflower cultivars in the Farahan region. Iranian Agricultural Science Journal, 5 (2): 173-190 (In Persian with English abstract). Mirzaei, A., Naseri, R., Moghadam, A., and Esmailpour-Jahromi, M., 2013. The effects of drought stress on seed yield and some agronomic traits of canola cultivars at different growth stages . Bulletin of Environment Pharmacology Life Science, 2 (11): 115-121. Mousavi Moghaddam, S.L., Tajbakhsh, M., and Ayovazi, A.R. 2013. The study of effect of harvest dates on traits related to seed quality of spring safflower genotypes under Urmia conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research,11(3):454-459. (In Persian with English abstract). Naderi Darbaghshahi, M., Mohammadi, G., Majidi, E., Darvish, F., Shiranirad, A., and Madani, H. 2004. Effects of drought stress and plant density on ecophysiological traits of three safflower lines in summer planting in Isfahan. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 20(3): 281-296. (In Persian) Nabavi Kalat, S.M., Karimi, M., Nourmohammadi, G.H., Sadr Abadi, R., and Azizi, M. 2005. Determine the most suitable planting date and plant density in autumn safflower crop cultivation in Jouin Sabzevar area. Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences.11(4): 145-157.(In Persian with English abstract). Nickabadi, S., Solemani A., Dehdashti S.M., and Yazdanibakhsh M. 2008. Effect of sowing dates on yield and yield components of spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Isfahan region. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. 11:1953-1956. Omidi, A.H., Khazaei, H., Monnweux, P.H., and Stoddard, F. 2012. Effect of cultivar and water regime on yield and yield components in saffloer (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 17(1):10-15. Omidi, A.H., Khazaei, H., and Hongbo, S. 2009. Variation for some important agronomic traits in 100 spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 5. 791–795. Pakrou, G., Rokhzadi, A., and Shahrokhi, S. 2011. Effects of spring sowing date changes on phenology and yield of safflower cultivars. 6th National Conference on New Ideas in Agriculture. College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch. (In Persian). Pasban Eslam, B. 2006. Evaluation of spring safflower genotypes to selection of best genotype for Khosro Shahr region and regions with similar climate condition. Agricultural Science Journal of Iran. 37:1. 357-362. (In Persian). Robertson, M.J., and Holland, J.F. 2004. Production risk of canola in the semi-arid subtropics of Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 55. 525-538. Samadi Firoozabadi, B., and Yazdani, F. 2012. Effect of sowing date on seed and oil yields of four safflower cultivars in Varamin region of Iran. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 2-28 (4): 470-459. (In Persian). Saniensc, N.N., G. Ittu, C. Tapu and P. Veadu. 1986. Observations on the some performance of some wheat and triticale cultivars under drought conditions. Problem de Genetica Tloretica Aplicata, 18: 1-16. Sayahfar M., Moaedi F., Mousavi S.K., Zidali A. 2010. Response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to sowing conditions in Khorramabad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8 (4): 686-697. (In Persian). Siroosmehr, A., Shakiba, M.R., and Torchi, M. Dabaghmohamadian nasab, A., and Alayari, H. 2009. Evaluation effect of sowing date and density plant on growth speed,s crop and growth speed in spring safflower cultivars. The Proceeding of 11th of Iranian Crop Science Congress. Shahid Bahashte University, Tehran. (In Persian). -Solhei Oskooi, N., Torabi, B., and Sahadatkha, A. 2016. Evaluation of yield and yield components of safflower cultivars in different planting dates. Journal of Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology. 2(3):11-22. Zhang, Z.; Chen, T. 2005. Studies on ecological adaptability of sa_ower germplasms in Xinjiang, China. In Proceedings of the VIth International Safflower Conference, Istanbul, Turkey. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 368 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 363 |
||