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Optimizing Thymoquinone Content of Iranian Nigella sativa Essen-tial Oil and Challenges in Commercializing it as an Active Pharma-ceutical Ingredient | ||
| Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 21 شهریور 1403 اصل مقاله (911.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jmpb.2024.366267.1715 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Elham - Erami* 1؛ Mohammad - Fazilati1؛ Hosseine - Salavati2؛ Mahmood - Sabahi3 | ||
| 1Department of Biochemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran, ORCID:000-0002-6132-7053 | ||
| 2Department of Chemistry Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran ORCID 0000-0002-8163-2047 | ||
| 3Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering Georgia institute of Technology: Atlanta, GA, US ORCID 0000-0003-2391-5791 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The objective of this study was to produce the essential oil of Nigella sativa L. (N. sativa) with the highest thymoquinone (TQ) content and explore the challenges associated with its commercialization as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Commercially sourced seeds of N. sativa were obtained from reputable vendors. Ground seeds underwent extraction using a variety of polar and non-polar solvents. The resulting essential oil samples were subjected to analysis via reverse-phase high-performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) to quantify TQ content, employing a method of quantification following the validation of the method. Major components of hexane extract were analyzed by GC-MS. Non-polar solvents at ambient temperature produced the essential oil with the highest TQ content. Extraction at higher temperatures has an adverse effect on TQ and is not recommended. The Cold pressed oil showed very low TQ content. However, treatment of this oil with hexane for an extended period of times released TQ from the matrix of the oil. Moreover, we refined the extraction methodology to produce essential oil with the highest TQ content. n-heptane which has a better toxicity profile than n-hexane is the best solvent for producing the essential oil with the highest TQ content. Optimization of powder/solvent ratio, temperature, and time of extraction would provide the most economically viable option. Cold press produces an oil with a different composition in which TQ is bonded to the matrix of the oil. Comparing the therapeutic effectiveness of the two oils is recommended for future studies. The challenges associated with the commercialization of N. sativa oil as a pharmaceutical product are also discussed. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| RP-HPLC؛ API؛ Solvent extraction؛ Cold press | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 32 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 43 |
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