اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها3,012
تعداد مقالات33,669
تعداد مشاهده مقاله44,771,159
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله39,067,071
لاهیجی, علی, رجالی, فرهاد. (1403). بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، رشد و عملکرد درختان فندق استان گیلان. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(2), 213-233. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2024.366006.264
علی لاهیجی; فرهاد رجالی. "بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، رشد و عملکرد درختان فندق استان گیلان". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12, 2, 1403, 213-233. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2024.366006.264
لاهیجی, علی, رجالی, فرهاد. (1403). 'بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، رشد و عملکرد درختان فندق استان گیلان', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(2), pp. 213-233. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2024.366006.264
لاهیجی, علی, رجالی, فرهاد. بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، رشد و عملکرد درختان فندق استان گیلان. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1403; 12(2): 213-233. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2024.366006.264

بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، رشد و عملکرد درختان فندق استان گیلان

زیست شناسی خاک
مقاله 4، دوره 12، شماره 2، اسفند 1403، صفحه 213-233    اصل مقاله (1.01 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sbj.2024.366006.264
نویسندگان
علی لاهیجی* 1؛ فرهاد رجالی2
1عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی استان گیلان
2استادموسسه تحقیقات خاک وآب کشور
چکیده
فندق در استان گیلان سطحی بیش از 19000 هکتار را به خود اختصاص داده است. این گیاه ارزشمند در سال­های اخیر به دلیل عدم استفاده از روش­های نوین عملیات به زراعی خصوصا تغذیه تلفیقی، با عملکرد پایین و همچنین با معضل سرخشکیدگی محدود در برخی باغات مواجه شده است. به منظور بررسی اثر تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی باکتری­های محرک رشد و قارچ تریکودرما بر خصوصیات رشدی باغات فندق دارای سرخشکیدگی در دو باغ منطقه اشکورات شهرستان رودسر، آزمایشی درقالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار و سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 1401- 1400 انجام پذیرفت. تیمارهای مورد بررسی شامل: T1- شاهد (عرف باغدار)، T2- مصرف خاکی کود دامی به میزان 20 کیلوگرم برای هر درخت + توصیه کود شیمیایی، T3- (T2+ باکتری سودموناس)، T4- ( T2+قارچ تریکودرما)، T5- (T2+ ترکیب قارچ تریکودرما و باکتری سودموناس) در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین اثرات مثبت را تیمار پنجم (ترکیب کود شیمایی، ماده آلی و استفاده از قارچ تریکودرما و باکتری جنس سودموناس) روی صفات مورد برررسی داشته­اند. این عوامل زیستی سبب افزایش جذب عناصر غذایی، فسفر، نیتروژن، آهن و مس به ترتیب68/33، 28/13، 172/48 و 146/33 درصدی در درختان فندق گردیدند، که منجر به افزایش سبزینگی و کاهش زردی درختان شد. کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی خصوصا به صورت ترکیبی، نقش مؤثری در مرتفع کردن کندی و توقف رشد و بهبود سرخشکیدگی شاخه­ها داشت. این تیمار سبب افزایش معنی­دار پارامترهای رویشی مانند پهنک برگ (39/53%)، طول سرشاخه­ها (80/21%)، شاخص کلروفیل (100/70%) و همچنین عملکرد (28/57%) درختان فندق گردید. لذا استفاده از تیمار تلفیقی حاوی کودهای شیمیایی، مواد آلی و نهادهای زیستی شامل قارچ تریکودرما و باکتری سودموناس برای درختان فندق دارای سرخشکیدگی در منطقه توصیه می­گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سودوموناس؛ زردی برگ؛ سرخشکیدگی شاخه؛ تریکودرما؛ فندق
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating the effect of biofertilizers on improving the absorption of nutrients,growth and yield of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) trees in Eshkavrat area of Rudsar city in Gilan province
نویسندگان [English]
Ali Lahiji1؛ Farhad Rejali2
1Assistant professor of Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, rasht, Iran.
2professor of soil &water institute of iran
چکیده [English]
Background and Objectives: In the past decades, due to the use of chemical fertilizers, there were many environmental effects, including water and soil pollution and problems related to the health of humans and other living organisms. The policy of sustainable agriculture and sustainable development of agriculture led experts to get more help from living organisms in the soil in order to meet the plant's nutritional needs. Many studies are carried out in order to sustain hazelnut farming and increase productivity. Work aimed at improving soil performance often considers soil physical and chemical properties, but biological properties are equally important and often neglected. One of the new solutions in sustainable agriculture in order to reduce the negative effects of biological and environmental stresses is the use of beneficial soil microorganisms as biological fertilizers. Biological methods are one of the most useful and environmentally friendly methods for improving the growth and nutrition of plants in harsh environmental conditions. Microorganisms present in biofertilizers in different ways such as production of plant hormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, prevention of ethylene production, biofixation of nitrogen, dissolution of mineral phosphates, mineralization of organic phosphates and other food elements, as well Dealing with plant pathogens by producing siderophores, making antibiotics, enzymes or fungicidal compounds and competing with harmful microorganisms in the soil improve the growth and performance of plants and their product quality. Biofertilizers are less expensive and do not cause environmental pollution. Gilan province, having more than 19,000 hectares of hazelnut orchards, with the traditional nature of the orchards, the lack of use of modern methods of agricultural operations, including nutrition, are the main factors of low yield and have recently faced the problem dieback of branches. One of the new solutions in sustainable agriculture is to evaluate the performance of plants under stressful conditions, using beneficial soil microorganisms as biological fertilizers to reduce the damage caused by environmental stress. Biological methods are one of the very useful and environmentally friendly methods to improve the growth and nutrition of plants in stressful conditions.
Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the combined effect of chemical fertilizers, Pseudomonas bacteria (PGPR) and Trichoderma fungi on some morpho-physiological traits of orchards with red rot in two experimental orchards of Rudsar city on hazelnut trees in a randomized complete block design with five Treatment and three repetitions (each treatment and each repetition including three trees) were carried out in the two crop years of 1401-1400. The treatments include: T1- control (gardener custom) T2- soil consumption of 20 kilograms of animal manure for each tree + chemical fertilizer recommendation based on the priority of the feeding plan T3- (T2+ growth-improving bacteria) T4- (T2+ Trichoderma mushroom) T5- (T2+ combination of Trichoderma fungi and growth-improving bacteria). Trichoderma fungus will be equal in population (6x107) per gram and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium (5x108) per gram, which was obtained as a growth stimulant from Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran. In order to inoculate trees with Trichoderma fungus and Pseudomonas bacteria, it was used under each tree by mixing with animal manure and manure.
Results: According to the results of the variance analysis of the data related to the concentration of macro and micro elements in the first year, the effect of chemical fertilizers and the use of trichoderma fungi and growth-stimulating bacteria on the concentration of nitrogen, potassium, zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium elements in the leaves of hazelnut trees with dieback It is not significant, but the effect of these fungi, bacteria and chemical fertilizers on the concentration of phosphorus and iron elements in the leaves of hazelnut trees is significant at the level of five percent. The results showed that the fifth treatment (combination of chemical fertilizer, organic matter and the use of Trichoderma fungus and Pseudomonas bacteria) had the most positive effects on the studied traits. These biological factors increased the absorption of nutrients, phosphorus, nitrogen, iron and copper by 68.33, 28.13, 172.48 and 146.33% respectively in hazelnut trees, which led to an increase in greenness and reduction of leaf necrosis in orchards. The integrated use of chemical and biological fertilizers, especially in combination, had an effective role in removing the slowness and stopping the growth and improving the dieback of the branches. This treatment caused a significant increase in vegetative parameters such as leaf width (39.53%), length of branch heads (80.21%), chlorophyll index (100.70%) and yield (28.57%) of hazelnut trees.
Conclusion: The results showed that T4 and T5 treatments had the most effects on the studied traits, and the use of Trichoderma fungi and growth-improving bacteria together played a more effective role in significantly increasing vegetative parameters such as leaf width, leaf weight, branch length, They had chlorophyll index as well as performance characteristics such as fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight and total yield. These biological factors improved the absorption of nutrients such as phosphorus, copper and iron by hazelnut trees. Therefore, the combined use of Trichoderma fungus and growth-improving bacteria along with organic matter and chemical nutrients were recommended for hazelnut trees with dieback in the region.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Pseudomonas, Leaf chlorosis, Branch‌ dieback, Trichoderma, Hazelnut
مراجع
  1. Aalipour, H., Nikbakht, A., Etemidi, N., Noorbakhsh, F. and Rejali, F. 2015. Investigating the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and nutrient absorption of plantain trees. Crop and Horticulture Processing Production, 6 (21), 81-89. (In persian)
  2. Ahmad, F., Ahmad I., and Khan, M.S. 2006. Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple plant growth promoting activities. Microbial Research 36: 1-9.
  3. Ajili Lahiji, A. Basirat, M .2018. Investigating the chemical and physical characteristics of the soils of hazelnut orchards in Gilan province. The 16th Iran Soil Science Congress, Aug, 5. 2018, Zanjan, Iran. (In Persian)
  4. Ajili Lahiji, A., Javadi Mojadad, D., Mahboob Khomami, A., Padasht Dahkaei, M., Almasi, M., Adili A., Mirhosseini, K., Shirin Fekar, A. and Mohammadpour, P. 2016. Investigating the nutritional status of hazelnut orchards in Gilan province, final report of the research project, Soil and Water Research Institute, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center. (In persian)
  5. Altomare, C., Norvell, WA., Björkman, T., and Harman, GE. 1999. Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum 1295-22. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65, 2926-2933.
  6. Anith, K.N., Faseela, K.M., Archana, P.A., and Prathapan, K.D. 2011. Compatibility of Piriformospora indica and Trichoderma harzianum as dual inoculants in blackpepper (Piper nigrum L.). Symbiosis 55, 11-17.
  7. Arzanesh, M., Beeny Aghil, N., Ghorbanli, M. and Shahbazi, M. 2013. Effect of plant growth stimulating bacteria on growth parameters and concentration of low consumption elements in two canola cultivars under salt stress. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 2(2), 153-163. (In persian)
  8. Azarmi, R., Hajieghrari, B., and Giglou, A. 2011. Effect of Trichoderma isolates on tomato seedling growth response and nutrient uptake. African Journal of Biotechnology10: 5850–5855.
  9. Benitez, T., Rincon, AM., Limon, MC., and Codon, AC. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology, 7 (4), 249-260.
  10. Bjorkman, T., Blanchard, LM., and Harman, GE. 1998. Growth enhancement of shrunken-2 (sh2) sweet corn by Trichoderma harzianum 1295-22, effect of environmental stress. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science 123(1), 35-40.
  11. Boiero, L., Perrig, D., Masciarelli, O., Pena, C., Cassán, F. and Luna, V. 2007. Phytohormone production by strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and possible physiological and technological implications. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 74(4), 874–880.
  12. Bremner, J.M., and Keeney, D.R. 1965. Steam distillation methods for determination of ammonium nitrate and nitrate. Analytica Chimica Acta 32: 465-495.
  13. Caravaca, F., Barea, J.M., Figueroa, D., and Roldán, A. 2002. Assessing the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation and soil compost addition for enhancing reafforestation with Olea europaea sylvestris through changes in soil biological and physical parameters. Applied Soil Ecology 20, 107-118.
  14. Chapman, H.D., and Pratt, F.P. 1961. Ammonium vandate-molybdate method for determination of phosphorus. Methods of analysis for soils, Plants and Water, 11, 83-94.
  15. Contreras-Cornejo, H. A., Ortiz-Castro, R. and Lopez-Bucio, J. 2013. Promotion of plant growth and the induction of systemic defence by Trichoderma Physiology, genetics and gene expression. Trichoderma Biology and Applications., 21, 175-196.
  16. Copping, L.G .1998. The Biopesticide manual. 1 st ed. British Crop Protection Council, UK, 333 P.P.
  17. Cottenie, A. 1980. Methods of plant analysis. In soil and plant testing as a basis of fertilizer recommendations. FAO Soils Bulletin, Rome, Italy, 64-100.
  18. Cuevas, C. 2006. Soil Inoculation with Trichoderma pseudokoningii rifai enhances yield of rice. Philippine Science 135(1), 31-37.
  19. Doulati Baneh, H., Ghanishayeste, F., and Nourjou, A. 2020. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus treatments on growth and some nutrient ‎elements uptake of grapevine cv ‘Rasha’ (Vitis vinifera L.) under deficit irrigation ‎stress condition', Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 51(1), pp. 109-121. (In persian)
  20. Egamberdiyeva, D., Juraeva, D., Poberejskaya, S., Myachina, O., Teryuhova, P., Seydalieva, L. and Aliev, A. 2004. Improvement of wheat and cotton growth and nutrient uptake by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Proceedings of the 26th Southern Conservation Tillage Conference for Sustainable Agriculture. Raleigh, North Carolina, June 8-9, Pp, 58-66.
  21. Elad, Y., Lifshitz, R., and Baker, R. 1985. Enzymatic activity of the mycoparasite Pythium nunn during interaction with host and non-host fungi. Physiological Plant Pathology, 27, 131-148.
  22. Estaun, V., Camprub, A., and Calvet, C. 2003. Nursery and field response of olive tree inoculated with two arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 128 (5), 767-775.
  23. Fallah Nosratabad, A. and Khoshru, B. 2024. Potentials and challenges of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture, Journal of Soil Biology, 12(1), 19-63.
  24. FAO, 2020. Statistical database of FAO. Available online at: http://www.fao.org.
  25. Farrokhvand, I., Reezi, S., Barzegar, R., Fattahi, M. 2020. Effect of symbiosis of several mycorrhiza arbuscular fungi species on some quality ‎and physiological indices of potted lisianthus flower ‎(Eustoma grandiflorum ‘Matador Blue’)‎, Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 50 (4), 815-824. (In persian)
  26. Fattahi, M., Shamshiri, M.H., and Naslolahpourmoghadam, S. 2017. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae) on the uptake and distribution of elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, Cu and Zn) in Pistachio seedlings ‘Sarakhs’, ‘Abareghi’ and ‘Bane Baqi’ ( eurycarpa × P. mutica) in salinity conditions', Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 48(1), pp. 175-189. (In persian)
  27. Gharghani A., Hosseini, A. and Zarei, M. 2016. The effect of arbuscular root fungi on seasonal changes of some growth and physiological indicators of apple rootstocks in a calcareous soil. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Techniques, 18 (3), 315-328. (In persian)
  28. Ghasimnejad, A. and Bababizad, V. 2012. The influence of piri fungus (Priformospora indica) on vegetative growth and the content of caffeic acid of leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) plant, Plant Production Research, 18 (1), 133-140. (In persian)
  29. Glick, BR. 2005. Modalation of plant ethylene levels by the bacterial enzyme ACC deaminase. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 251, 1-7.
  30. Gupta, ML., Prasad, A., Ram, M., and Kumar, S. 2002. Effect of the vesicul ararbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasiculatum on the essential oil yield related characters and nutrient acquisition in the crops of different cultivars of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) under field conditions. Bioresource Technology 81(4), 77-79.
  31. Harman, GE., Howell, CR., Viterbo, A., Chet, I., and Lorito, M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Reviews 2, 43-56.
  32. Henry, S., Texier, S., Hallet, S., Bru, D., Dambreville, C., Chèneby, D., Bizouard, F., Germon, J.C. and Philippot, L. 2008. Disentangling the rhizosphere effect on nitrate reducers and denitrifiers, insight into the role of root exudates. Environmental Microbiology, 10 (11), 3082–3092.
  33. Hossein-Ava, S., Razavi Ahri, v. and Javadi, D. 2019. Identification and registration of some genotypes of hazelnut using morphological characteristics, final report of Seedling and Seed Breeding Research Institute, Horticulture Research Department, Karaj. (In persian)
  34. Hosseini, S. S., Rejali, F. and Keshavarz, P. 2024. Effect of Some Biofertilizers on the Physiological Characteristics of Wheat Flag Leaves and Rhizosphere Enzyme Activities at Different Irrigation Levels. Journal of Soil Biology, 12(1), 65-88.
  35. Hosseinzeynali, A., Abbaszadeh Dehaji, P., Alaei, H., Hosseinifard, J. and Akhgar, A. 2019. Investigating the effect of growth-stimulating Trichoderma fungi on improving the growth and nutrition of pistachio trees in garden conditions, Journal of Soil Biology, 8 (2), 115-128. (In persian)
  36. Jamalifard, A., Abbas zadeh Dehji, P. and Akhgar, A. 2015. Investigation of the response of two pistachio cultivars, Zarand and Qazvini, in terms of growth and nutrition, to the application of cow manure and fluorescent Pseudomonas, Journal of Soil Biology, 4 (2), 177-188. (In persian)
  37. Kaewchai, S., Soytong, K., Hyde, KD. 2010. Mycofungicides and fungal biofertilizers. Fungal Diversity, 38, 25-50.
  38. Kavino, M., Harish, S., Kumar, N., Saravanakumar, D. and Samiyappan, R. 2010. Effectof chitinolytic PGPR on growth, yield and physiological attributes of banana (Musa) under field conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 45, 71–77.
  39. Kizilkaya, R., and Dumbadze, G., GÜLSER, C., and Jgenti, L. 2022. Impact of NPK fertilization on hazelnut yield and soil chemical-microbiological properties of Hazelnut Orchards in estern Georgia. Eusian Journal of Soil Scince (EJSS), 11, 206-215. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1060314.
  40. Kothari, S.K., Marschner, H., and Romheld, V. 1990. Direct and indirect effects of VA mycorrhiza fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms on acquisition of mineral nutrients by maize in a calcareous soil. New Phytology, 116, 637-645
  41. Layeghhaghighi, M., Abbaszadeh, B. 2022. Evaluation quantitative, qualitative traits and elements adsorption of lemon verbena (Lippia ‎citriodora L.) under biochar, vermicompost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Horticultural Sciences of Iran, 53 (3), 679-667. (In persian)
  42. Li, RX., Cai, F., Pang, G., Shen, QR., Li, R. and Chen, W. 2015. Solubilisation of phosphate and micronutrients by Trichoderma harzianum and its relationship with the promotion of tomato plant growth. PLoS One. 10(6): e013008.
  43. Mohammadi Eshkaftaki, M. and Rejali, F. 2021. Effect of mychorhizal symbiosis on growth properties and colonization of common Almond rootstock at water deficit conditions. Journal of Soil Biology, 9(1), 15-28.
  44. Mohammadi, Kh., Qalavand, A., Agha Alikhani, M., Sohrabi, Y. and Heydari, G. 2019. The effectiveness of chickpea seed quality from different systems of increasing soil fertility. Crop Production, 3(1): 103-119. (In persian)
  45. Mokaram-Kashtiban, S., Hosseini, S. M., Tabari Kouchaksaraie, M., and Younesi, H. 2020. Bioavailability of soil heavy metals as influenced by biochar and rhizosphere bacteria in the white willow (Salix alba L.) phytoremediation process, Applied Soil Research, 7(4),196-211. (In persian)
  46. Moradi, R., Nasiri Mahalati, M., Rizvani Moghadam, P., Lekzian, A., and Nejad Ali, A. 2018. The Effect of Application of Organic and Biological Fertilizers on Quantity and Quality Essential Oil of (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Fennel. Horticultural Sciences, 25 (1), 25-33. (In persian)
  47. Nazeri, M., Tabatabai, J. and Sharfi, Y. 2023. Evaluation of Yield and Quality of Peach Fruit (Prunus persica var Red Top) Cultivated under Split Roots System, Inoculated with Fungi and Irrigated with different Levels Horticultural Sciences, 37 (1),119-105. (In persian)
  48. Nicolosi, E., Leotta, G., and Raiti, G., 2009. Effect of foliar fertilization on hazelnuts growing in Mount Etna area. Acta Horticulturae 845, 373-378.
  49. Olsen, J.L.; Cacka, J.F. 2009. Foliar Fertilizers on Hazelnuts in Oregon, USA. Acta Hortic, 845, 349–352.
  50. Pich, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Keeney, D.R. 1992. Method of Soil Analysis. Part II: Chemical and Mineralogical Properties (2nded.). Madison, Wisconsin.
  51. Rafiee, H. Naghdi Badi, H. Mehrafarin, A. Qaderi, A, Zarinpanjeh, N. Sekara, A. and Zand, E. 2016. Application of Plant Biostimulants as New Approach to Improve the Biological Responses of Medicinal Plants- A Critical Review. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 15(59), 6-39.
  52. Rasouli, M.H.S., Barin, M., and Jalili, F. 2008. The effect of PGPR inoculation on the growth of wheat. International meeting on soil fertility land management and agroclimatology. Turkey, Pp, 891-898.
  53. Rayan, J.R., Estefan, G. and Rashid, A. 2001. Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory Manual (2nded.). ICADRA. Syria.
  54. Rejali, F. And Haghighat, H. 2022. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and irrigation levels on yield and growth characteristics of lemon trees (Citrus aurantifolia) in Darab, Soil Biology, 10(1), 21-32. (In persian)
  55. Rezaei Chianeh, A., Faridvand, Sh., Amirnia, R., Mahdavi Kia, H. and Rahimi, A. 2017. Effect of Organic and Biofertilizers on Yield and Some Qualitative Characteristics of the Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica) in Dryfarming Conditions, Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production, 28(4), 25-40. (In persian)
  56. Rostamikia, Y., Matinizadeh, M. and Rahmani, A. 2022. The effect of seed origin and mycorrhizal inoculation on the vegetative and physiological characteristics of hazelnut seedlings in Fandoghlo region, Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 72 (2): 153-141. (In persian)
  57. Rostamikia, Y., Matinizadeh, M. and Rahmani, A. 2024. The effect of Rifai fungus Trichoderma harzianum on the survival, growth and nutrition of forest hazelnut seedlings in the conditions of the forest area of Fandaghlo, Wood and Forest Science and Technology Research, 31 (1), 61-43. (In persian)
  58. Rostamikia, Y., Tabari Kochaksaraei, M., Asgharzadeh, A. and Rahmani, A. 2017. The effect of growth-promoting bacteria on vegetative traits and nutritional elements of hazelnut seedlings (Corylus avellana) in Ardabil Hazelnut Nursery, Iran Forest and Poplar Research, 25 (1), 116-126. (In persian)
  59. Rudresh, D.L., Shivaprakash, M.K., and Prasad, R.D. 2005. Effect of combined application of Rhizobium, phosphate solubilizing bacterium and Trichoderma on growth, nutrient uptake and yield of chickpea (Cicer aritenium L.). Applied Soil Ecological, 28, 139-146.
  60. Silvestri, C.; Bacchetta, L.; Bellincontro, A., and Cristofori, V. 2021. Advances in Cultivar Choice, Hazelnut Orchard Management, and Nut Storage to Enhance Product Quality and Safety. An Overview. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 101, 27–43.
  61. Singh, V., Singh, P., Yadav, R., Awasthi, S., Joshi, B., Singh, R., Lal, R. and Duttamajumder, S. 2010. Increasing the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum for nutrient uptake and control of red rot in sugarcane. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 2, 66–71.
  62. Snare, L. 2008. Hazelnut production. Primefacts. Profitable & Sustainable Primary Industry. Primefact 765, 8p. Available at: https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/data/assets/pdf_file/0007/247939/Hazelnut-production.
  63. Sonar, B.A., Kamble, V.R., and Chavan, P.D. 2013. Native AM fungal colonization in three Hibiscus species under NaCl induced salinity. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, 5(6), 7-13.
  64. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana, J., Sentis, X., and Ferrán, J. 2004. Effect of nitrogen, boron and iron fertilization on yield and nut quality of Negret hazelnut trees. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 686: VI International Congress on Hazelnut. Pp. 277-280.
  65. Vaid, S.K., Kumar, B., Sharma, A., Shukla, A.K. and Srivastava, P.C. 2014. Effect of zinc solubilizing bacteria on growth promotion and zinc nutrition of rice. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 14(4), 889-910.
  66. Vinale, F., Sivasithamparam, K., Ghisalberti, E.L., Marra, R., Woo, S.L. and Lorito, M. 2008. Trichoderma–plant–pathogen interactions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40, 1-10.
  67. Vyas, P., and Gulati, A. 2009. Organic acid production in vitro and plant growth promotion in maize under controlled environment by phosphate-solubilizing fluorescent Pseudomonas. BMC Microbiology 9(1), 174-183.
  68. Wei, L., and Zhai, Q. 2010. The dynamics and correlation between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in a hazelnut fruit during its development. Frontiers of Agriculture in China, 4(3), 352-357.
  69. Wei, Y., Zhao, Y., Shi, M., Cao, Z., Lu, Q., Yang, T., Fan, Y. and Wei, Z. 2018. Effect of organic acids production and bacterial community on the possible mechanism of phosphorus solubilization during composting with enriched phosphate-solubilizing bacteria inoculation. Bioresource Technology, 247, 190 -199.
  70. Wu, Q.S., and Xia, R.X. 2006. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence growth, osmotic adjustment and photosynthesis of citrus under well-watered and water stress conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 163, 417-425.
  71. Yadidia, I., Srivastva, A.K., Kapulnik, Y. and Chet, I. 2001. Effect of Trichoderma harizanum on microelement concentrations and increased growth of cucumber plants. Plant and Soil, 235 (2), 235-242.
  72. Yang, M.M., Mavrodi, D.V., Mavrodi, O.V., Bonsall, R.F., Parejko, J.A., Paulitz, T.C., Thomashow, L.S., Yang, H.T., Weller, D.M., and Guo J.H. 2011. Biological control of take-all by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. from Chinese wheat fields. Phytopathology, 101 (14), 81-91.
  73. Yuvaraj, A., Thangaraj, R., Ravindran, B., Chang, S., and Karmegam, N. 2021. Centrality of cattle solid wastes in vermicomposting technology: A cleaner resource recovery and biowaste recycling option for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Environmental Pollution, 268, 115688.
  74. Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S. and Aamil, M. 2004. Bioassociative effect of rhizospheric microorganisms on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of greengram. Journal of Plant Nutrition 27, 599-610.
  75. Zainli Bafghi, M., Gholamnejad, J., Esmailzadeh Hosseini, A., Shirmardi, M. and Jafari, A. 2018. The effect of growth-promoting bacteria on growth and physiological traits of pistachio in saline soil, Garden Plant Nutrition Journal, (2) 2, 107-129. (In persian)
  76. Zhang, X., Wu, N., and Li, C. 2005. Physiological and growth responses of Populus davidiana ecotypes to different soil water contents. Arid Environment, 60, 567-579.
  77. Zhao, L., Wang, F., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, J. 2014. Involvement of Trichoderma asperellum strain T6 in regulating iron acquisition in plants. Journal Basic Microbiology, 54, 115-124.
  78.  
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 214
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 212


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب