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استفاده از پهپاد برای کنترل شیمیایی شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) در مزارع کلزا | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 45، شماره 1، دی 1403، صفحه 75-85 اصل مقاله (963.08 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، انگلیسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.61186/jesi.45.1.6 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رقیه کریم زاده* 1؛ السا طباطبایی1؛ میرجلیل حجازی1؛ سعید بهمرام2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ، ایران | ||
| 2گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی (ابوریحان)، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کلزا، Brassica napus L. با 35 تا 45% روغن در دانه‌های خود یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان روغنی در دنیاست و می‌تواند در مناطق اقلیمی مختلف کشت شود. شته مومی کلم، Brevicoryne brassicae L. مهم‌ترین آفت مزارع کلزا در ایران است و در حال حاضر کاربرد حشره‌کش‌های شیمیایی با استفاده از سمپاشهای زمینی رایج‌ترین روش کنترل این آفت می‌باشد. اما تراکم و ارتفاع زیاد گیاهان کلزا در مزرعه، حرکت سمپاشهای زمینی را مشکل کرده و موجب آسیب به گیاهان می‌شود. بنابراین، در این مطالعه، کارآیی سمپاشی هوایی مزارع کلزا علیه شته مومی کلم با استفاده از پهپاد بررسی و با سمپاشی زمینی مقایسه شد. این مطالعه طی دو فصل زراعی، در مزارع کلزای میاندوآب و ایلخچی واقع در شمال غرب ایران انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از جمعیت شته 24 ساعت قبل از سمپاشی و 48 و 72 ساعت و دو هفته بعد سمپاشی انجام شد. برای سمپاشی هوایی از یک پهپاد شش روتور مجهز به اتمایزرهای چرخشی میکرونیر و برای سمپاشی زمینی از یک سمپاش پشت تراکتوری استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادند که سمپاشی هوایی با پهپاد به صورت معنی‌داری مؤثرتر از سمپاشی زمینی بوده و دو تا شش برابر کارآیی بیشتری در کاهش جمعیت شته داشت. تجزیه تصویر کارت های حساس به رطوبت نشان داد که هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین قطرات ریزتری با قطر متوسط حجمی کوچکتر تولید می کنند. تجزیه و تحلیل اقتصادی هم نشان داد که سمپاشی هوایی علیرغم هزینه های اولیه بالاتر به دلیل هزینه های عملیاتی کمتر و کاهش مصرف آب مقرون به صرفه تر می‌باشد. این یافته‌ها بر پتانسیل استفاده از پهپادها برای کاربرد دقیق آفت‌کش‌ها در مزارع کلزا تأکید می‌کنند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سمپاشی هوایی؛ مدیریت آفات؛ کشاورزی دقیق؛ کارآیی آفتکش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Using drone for chemical control of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in canola fields | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Roghaiyeh Karimzadeh1؛ Elsa Tabatabaie1؛ Mir Jalil Hejazi1؛ Saeid Behmaram2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Canola, Brassica napus L. is a significant oilseed crop, containing 35 to 45% oil in its seeds, and can be cultivated in various climatic regions. Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. is the most important pest of the canola fields in Iran. Chemical insecticide application using ground sprayers is the primary method for controlling B. brassicae in canola fields. However, the dense and tall growth of canola plants poses challenges for maneuvering ground sprayers, which can potentially cause damage to the plants. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of aerial spraying of canola fields against cabbage aphid using drone, and compared it with ground spraying. During two growing seasons, this study was conducted in canola fields of Miandoab and Ilakhchi in northwest Iran. Aphid populations were sampled 24 hours before sprayings and 48 hours, 72 hours, and two weeks after sprayings. A six-rotor drone equipped with micronair rotary atomizers was employed for aerial spraying, while a tractor-mounted sprayer was used for ground applications. Results demonstrated that aerial spraying with drone was significantly more efficient, achieving two to six times higher efficacy against cabbage aphids than ground spraying, as measured by the reduction in aphid populations. Image analysis of water-sensitive cards indicated that drones produced finer droplets with smaller volume median diameters. Economic analysis revealed that aerial spraying was more cost-effective despite higher initial costs due to lower operational expenses and reduced water usage. These findings underscore the potential of using drones for precision pesticide application in canola farming | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aerial spraying, Pest management, Precision agriculture, Pesticide efficiency | ||
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