| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,080 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,362 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,766,819 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,804,376 |
اثر حامل‌های مختلف در کارآیی قارچ بیمارگر Metarhizium anisopliae و تاثیر آن بر Meloidogyne javanica در گیاه گوجه فرنگی و بررسی استقرار آن در خاک و ریشه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 11، شماره 2، اسفند 1402، صفحه 41-51 اصل مقاله (577.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2025.367696.378 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید ایمانی* 1؛ سید محمد رضا موسوی2؛ رسول زارع3 | ||
| 1دکتری نماتدشناسی، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، فارس، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، فارس، ایران. | ||
| 3پروفسور، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae یکی از عوامل مهم مهار زیستی نماتدهای ریشه‌گرهی و حشرات است که می‌تواند جایگزین مناسبی برای سموم شیمیایی شود. در این بررسی، تعیین فرمولاسیون اولیه مناسب این قارچ و تاثیر آن در کنترل نماتدهای ریشه‌گرهی روی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی اجرا شد. قارچ مذکور در شرایط آزمایشگاهی روی بذر ماش کشت داده شد. سپس روی حامل‌های پودری تالک، کائولن، کنجاله سویا، کنجاله آفتابگردان و کنجاله کلزا فرموله شد و ماندگاری اسپور قارچ در حامل‌های مذکور طی 12 ماه بررسی شد. تاثیر قارچ در حامل‌های پودری روی نماتد ریشه‌گرهی روی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی در شرایط گلخانه‌ای در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی بررسی شد. بیشترین ماندگاری اسپورهای قارچ 12 ماه و مربوط به حامل‌های کنجاله کلزا، سویا و آفتابگردان بود. قارچ فرموله‌شده در حامل‌های کنجاله کلزا، سویا و آفتابگردان در شرایط گلخانه‌ای بالاترین توانایی مهار نماتد (86/5%، 87/2%و 84/5%) را داشت که از نظر آماری شبیه نماتدکش شیمیایی فلوپیرام 86/9% بود. همچنین حامل‌های کنجاله‌های دانه‌های روغنی در استقرار اسپور قارچ در خاک و ریشه و در پی آن کاهش شاخص‌های بیماری‌زایی نماتد و رشد بهتر گیاه موثرتر بودند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد کنجاله‌های دانه‌های روغنی حاملی مناسب برای فرموله‌کردن قارچ بیمارگر M. anisopliae بوده و باعث ماندگاری و استقرار آن در خاک و ریشه می‌شوند و می‌توانند پایة یک فرمولاسیون مناسب جامد برای این قارچ در جهت مهارزیستی نماتد ریشه‌گرهی باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ماندگاری؛ نماتد غده ریشه؛ مهار زیستی؛ Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of different carriers on the efficiency of the pathogenic fungus of Metarhizium anisopliae and testing its efficacy against Meloidogyne javanica in tomato and its establishment in the soil and roots | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeid Imani1؛ Mohammad Reza Moosavi2؛ Rasul Zare3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. of Nematology, Department of Plant Pathology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Fars, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Fars, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The Metarhizium anisopliae, a valuable biocontrol agent against nematodes and insects, offers a promising alternative. This study aimed to identify the most suitable carrier for the solid formulations of M. anisopliae for effective control of tomato nematodes. Metarhizium anisopliae was cultivated in vitro on mung bean seeds, and spore production was initiated after inoculation. The survival of fungal spores was investigated over 12 months using different carriers, including talc, kaolin, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and sunflower meal. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the fungus in these carriers against M. javanica on tomato plants was assessed in a greenhouse experiment employing a completely randomized design. The oil seed meals consistently exhibited the highest number of surviving spores throughout the 12–month study period. Among the carriers tested, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, and sunflower meal demonstrated remarkable control efficacy against M. javanica, with suppression rates of 86.5%, 87.2%, and 84.5%, respectively, comparable to the commercial nematicide, Floyram (86.9%). Furthermore, these carriers exhibited superior colonization of the rhizosphere and root tissues (36.1, 35.3, and 35.4 × 105 CFU in gram of root, respectively), contributing to enhanced plant growth. Based on the findings, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, and sunflower meal present promising bases for the development of an efficient carrier for the solid formulations against M. javanica. Implementing such formulations could offer an environmentally friendly and economically viable strategy for managing nematode infestations in tomato cultivation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Durability, Metarhizium anisopliae, biocontrol agent, root-knot nematode | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmadi, H. & Moosavi, M.R. 2018. The relationship of initial population densities of Meloidogyne javanica and damage level on okra plant (Abelmoschus esculentus). Iranian Journal of Plant pathology, 53(4): 385–398. Abd–Elgawad, M.M.M. & Askary, T.H. 2018. Fungal and bacterial nematicides in integrated nematode management strategies. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 28, 74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938–018–0080–x. Agala, S.V., Gopalakrishnan, S., Ambhure, K.G., Chandravanshi, H., Gupta, R. & Wani, S.P. 2018. Mass Production of Entomopathogenic Fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae) using Different Grains as a Substrate. International Journal of Current Microbiol and Applied Science, 7(01). https:// doi.org/ 10.20546/ ijcmas. 2018.701.268 Comite, V., Pozo–Antonio, J.S., Cardell, C., Randazzo, L., Russa, M.F.L. & Fermo, P. 2020. A multi analytical approach for the characterization of black crusts on the facade of an historical cathedral. Microchemical Journal 158, 105121. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105121. Cumagun, C.J.R. & Moosavi, M.R. 2015. Significance of biocontrol agents of phytonematodes. In: Askary, T.H. & Martinelli, P.R.P. (Eds). Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes. Wallingford, UK, CAB International, pp. 50–78.https://doi.org/ 10.1079/9781780643755.0050. Fatemy, S., Saeidi–Naeini, F. & Alizadeh, A. 2005. In vitro screening of fungi for parasitism against sugar beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Nematologia Mediterranea, 33: 185–190. Ghayedi, S. & AbdoLlahy, M. 2013. Biocontrol PotentialL of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: clavicipitaceae), isolated from suppressive soils of the Boyer–Ahmad region, Iran, Against J2S of Heterodera aveena. Journal of plant protection research. 35: 2(2013). https://doi.org/10.2478/jppr–2013–0025. Gulsar Banu, J., Iyer, R. & Gunasekaran, M. 2006. Mass multiplication and formulation of nematophagous fungus, Paecilomyces lilacinus. International Journal of Nematology, 16: 145–152. Hallmann, J. & Meressa, B.H. 2018. Nematode parasites of vegetables. In: Sikora, R.A. Coyne, D. Hallmann, J. & Timper, P. (Eds). Plant parasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropical agriculture 3rd edn. Wallingford, UK, CAB International, 346–410. Humber, R.A. 1997. Fungi: preservation of cultures. In: Lacey LA, editor. Manual of Tech in Insect Pathol. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press. p. 269–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/ B978–012432555–5/50015–4 Hussey, R. S. & Barker, K. 1973. Comparison of methods of collecting inocula for Meloidogyne spp., including a new technique. Plant Disease Reporter, 57, 1025–1028. Imani, S., Moosavi, M.R. & Basirnia, T. 2014. Interaction of Macrophomina phaseolina and Meloidogyne javanica on green bean. Research in plant pathology, 2(1): 41–50. Imani, S., Moosavi, M.R., Zare, R. & Basirnia, T. 2021. Optimum substrate and carrier for Purpureocillium lilacinum and its effectiveness against Meloidogyne javanica on tomato. Plant Pathology Science, 10:(2) 50–64. https://doi.org/10.2982/PPS.10.2.50 Jaronski, S.T. 2023. Mass production of entomopathogenic fungi–state of the art. In: J. A., Morales–Ramos, M.G., Rojas & D.I., Shapiro–Ilan (Eds.), Mass production of beneficial organisms: Invertebrates and entomopathogens, 2nd edition (pp. 317–358). Academic Press, Elsevier Inc, New York. Jahanbazian, L., Abdollahi, M. & Rezaie, R. 2015. Combined effect of Metarhizium anisopliae and Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 on root–knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomato. Iranian Journal of Plant pathology. 51(3): 339–355. Jenkins, W.R. 1964. A rapid centrifugal–flotation technique for separating nematode from soil. Plant Disease Reporter, 48: 692–1964. Karabörklü, S., Aydinli, V. & Dura, O. 2022. The potential of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in controlling the root–knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato and cucumber. Journal of Asia–Pacific Entomology. 25(1):101846. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.aspen.2021.101846 Latifian, M., Rad, B. & Amani, M. 2014. Mass production of entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae by using agricultural products based on liquid– solid diphasic method for date palm pest control. International Journal of Farming and Alli Science, 3(4): 368–372 Latifian, M. & Rad, B. 2019. Study the synergistic effects of ecdysoids and diatomaceous earth on Metarhizium anisopliae for control of date horned beetle larvae, Oryctes elegans Prell. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 7(1): 15–27 Mo, M., Xu, C. & Zhang, K. 2005. Effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon–nitrogen ratio, and initial pH on the growth of nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia in liquid culture. Mycopathologia, 159: 381–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046–004–5816–3. Mokhtari, S., Sahebani, N. & Etebarian, H.R. 2009. Study on biological control and systemic induction of peroxidase enzyme activity in tomato plant infected with root–knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) by Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 antagonist. Journal of Agriculture, 11(1): 151–161 Mathulwe, L.L., Malan, A.P. & Stokwe, N.F. 2023. Formulation of Metarhizium pinghaense and Metarhizium robertsii and the infection potential of the formulations against Pseudococcus viburni (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) after storage. African Entomology 2023, 31: e12814 (7 pages) https://doi.org/10.17159/2254–8854/2023/a12814. Moore, D., Bateman, R.P., Carey, M. &Prior, C. 1995. Long term storage of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia in oil formulations for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 5(2): 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583159550039918 Moosavi, M.R. & Askary, T.H. 2015. Nematophagous fungi commercialization. In: Askary, T.H. & Martinelli, P.R.P. (Eds). Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes. Wallingford, UK, CAB International, pp. 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780643755.0187. Moosavi, M.R. & Zare, R. 2015. Factors affecting commercial success of biocontrol agents of phytonematodes. In: (T.H. Askary & P.RP. Martinelli. Eds.). Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes. pp. 423–445. Wallingford, UK. CAB International. Moosavi, M.R, Zare, R., Zamanizadeh, H.R. & Fatemy, S. 2010. Pathogenicity of Pochonia species on eggs of Meloidogyne javanica. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 104, 125–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2010.03.002. Patil, V., Sigh, A., Naik, N. & Unnikrishnan, S. 2014. Estimation of carbon stocks in Avicennia marina stand using allometry, CHN analysis, and GIS methods. Wetlands 34, 379–391. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s13157–013–0505–y. Rashki, M. 2024. Mass production of two entomopathogenic fungi Metarihium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana using diphasic fermentation. Biological control of pests and plant diseases, 12(1): 11–28. https://doi.org/10.22059/JBIOC.2024.374002.338 Roberts, D.W. & Leger, R.J. 2004. Metarhizium spp., cosmopolitan insectpathogenic fungi: mycological aspects. Adv Appl Microbiology, 54:1–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065–2164 (04)54001–7. Stirling, G.R. 2011. Biological control of plant–parasitic nematodes: An ecological perspective, a review of progress and opportunities for further research. In: pp. 1–38. Davies, K.G. & Spiegel, Y. (eds.), and Biological control of plant –parasitic nematodes: Building coherence between microbial ecology and molecular mechanisms, Progress in Biological Control. Springer. Sharma, M.K. & Bhargava, S. 2008. Efficacy of green muscardine fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae against reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis on tomato. Indian Journal of Nematology, 38:242–244.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 346 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 204 |
||