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تأثیر عوامل زنده و غیر زنده در پرورش شبپره مدیترانه ای آرد( Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 12، شماره 1، شهریور 1403، صفحه 1-12 اصل مقاله (625.06 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی-مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2025.367793.379 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید حسن ملکشی* 1؛ سید عظیم سجادی2؛ محمد رضا عطاران1 | ||
| 1استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری حشره شناسی کشاورزی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شبپره مدیترانه ای یا بیدآرد Ephestia kuehniella از آفات مهم محصولات انباری است که علاوه بر کاهش کیفیت محصولات، به عنوان مدل پژوهشی در مطالعات زیستشناسی و فیزیولوژی حشرات و همچنین مراحل تخم و لاروی آن به عنوان میزبان واسط و طعمه برای پرورش دشمنان طبیعی در انسکتاریومها مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد. این مطالعه به بررسی عوامل زنده و غیرزنده مؤثر بر پرورش بیدآرد در انسکتاریومها شامل رژیم های غذایی، دما، فتوپریود، رطوبت نسبی و دشمنان طبیعی میپردازد. رژیم های غذایی مناسب، به ویژه ترکیبهای آرد و سبوس گندم و آرد ذرت، تأثیرات مثبتی بر رشد، تولید مثل و کیفیت تخمها دارند. دما به عنوان یکی از عوامل کلیدی، در محدوده 25 تا 30 درجه سلسیوس، بهترین شرایط را برای رشد و تکامل این حشره فراهم میکند؛ در حالی که دمای بالاتر از ۳۵ درجه سلسیوس موجب کاهش زنده مانی و تولید مثل میشوند. فتوپریود نیز بر زمان تکامل و تولید مثل شبپره مدیترانه ای تأثیرگذار است و تنظیم آن در حدود 16L:8D میتواند رشد و تکامل را تسریع کند. علاوه بر این، رطوبت نسبی ۵۰ تا ۷۰ درصد، کیفیت لاروها، شفیرهها و حشرات بالغ را بهبود میبخشد. این مطالعه نشان میدهد که بهینهسازی عوامل محیطی میتواند کارایی بیدآرد را در برنامه های مهار زیستی آفات ارتقاء دهد و به کاهش هزینهها و افزایش بهرهوری پرورش بید آرد در انسکتاریومها کمک کند. حضور عوامل زنده مانند مورچهها، موش ها، سوسک های آرد، کنه های آرد، زنبورهای براکونیده و عوامل بیمارگر نیز میتواند تأثیرات منفی قابلتوجهی بر رشد و تولیدمثل بیدآرد داشته باشد و از موانع تولید شب پره مدیترانه ای در واحدهای پرورش محسوب می شوند؛ لذا اعمال مقررات قرنطینه ای و بهداشت واحدهای پرورش و ممانعت از ورود مورچهها، موش ها، زنبورهای پارازیتوئید براکونیده، شپشه آرد و کنه ها و شستشو و ضدعفونی ظروف پرورش برای پیشگیری از ظهور عوامل بیمارگر برای بهینهسازی فرآیند تولید تخم بیدآرد در انسکتاریوم ها ضروری است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| پرورش انبوه؛ رژیم غذایی؛ شرایط محیطی؛ عوامل زنده؛ بیدآرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The impact of abiotic and biotic factors on the rearing of the mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hassan Malkeshi1؛ Seyed Azim Sajjadi2؛ Mohammad Reza Attaran1 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph.D. Student, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella is a significant pest of stored products, causing quality deterioration. It is also widely used as a research model in insect biology and physiology studies. Additionally, its eggs and larvae serve as intermediary hosts and prey for rearing natural enemies in Insectaries. This study investigates the environmental factors influencing the rearing of E. kuehniella in Insectaries, focusing on diets, temperature, photoperiod, and humidity. Optimal diets, particularly combinations of wheat flour, wheat bran, and cornmeal, positively impact growth, reproduction, and egg quality. Temperature, a key factor, shows that 25–30°C provides the best conditions for growth and development, whereas temperatures above 35°C reduce survival and reproduction rates. Photoperiod influences development and reproduction, with a 16L: 8D cycle accelerating growth and development. Additionally, a relative humidity of 50–70% enhances the quality of larvae, pupae, and adults. This study demonstrates that optimizing these environmental factors can improve the efficiency of E. kuehniella in biological pest control systems, reduce costs, and increase the productivity of insect rearing in insectaries. However, biotic and abiotic factors, such as ants, braconid wasps, and pathogens, can significantly negatively affect growth and reproduction. Effective management of these factors, including ant control, preventing parasitoid intrusion, and disease prevention, is essential for optimizing the production process of E. kuehniella eggs. . | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Diet, Environmental conditions, biotic factors, Ephestia kuehniella | ||
| مراجع | ||
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