اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها3,020
تعداد مقالات33,742
تعداد مشاهده مقاله44,988,623
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله47,412,163
اصغرزاده, احمد, ثقفی, کبری, خوشرو, بهمن. (1404). تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گندم رقم کویر در شرایط تنش شوری. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, (), 1-17. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2025.368422.276
احمد اصغرزاده; کبری ثقفی; بهمن خوشرو. "تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گندم رقم کویر در شرایط تنش شوری". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, , , 1404, 1-17. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2025.368422.276
اصغرزاده, احمد, ثقفی, کبری, خوشرو, بهمن. (1404). 'تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گندم رقم کویر در شرایط تنش شوری', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, (), pp. 1-17. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2025.368422.276
اصغرزاده, احمد, ثقفی, کبری, خوشرو, بهمن. تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گندم رقم کویر در شرایط تنش شوری. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1404; (): 1-17. doi: 10.22092/sbj.2025.368422.276

تأثیر پیش‌تیمار زیستی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گندم رقم کویر در شرایط تنش شوری

زیست شناسی خاک
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 23 اردیبهشت 1404    اصل مقاله (1.1 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sbj.2025.368422.276
نویسندگان
احمد اصغرزاده* 1؛ کبری ثقفی2؛ بهمن خوشرو* 3
1دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
2محقق موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
3محقق پسادکترا، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار زیستی بذر گندم رقم کویر با باکتری‌های ریزوسفری محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) بر جوانه‌زنی و شاخص‌های رشد گیاهچه رقم متحمل به شوری کویر در شرایط تنش شوری، پژوهشی آزمایشگاهی در بخش تحقیقات بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب انجام شد. این پژوهش به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور و سه تکرار اجرا گردید. سطوح تنش شوری (شاهد: آب شهر با شوری ۳۵/۰، ۶ و ۱۴ دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) به عنوان فاکتور اول و سطوح پیش‌تیمار زیستی بذر با سه جدایه باکتریایی از جنس‌های (As) Azospirillum brasilense Strain OF، Azotobacter chroococcum Strain 5 (Az) و Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain 169 (Ps) (به صورت تلقیح تکی، ترکیبی دو یا سه‌تایی و شاهد بدون تلقیح) به عنوان فاکتور دوم در نظر گرفته شدند. آزمایش در ۷۲ واحد آزمایشی (پتری‌) روی گندم رقم کویر و تحت شرایط کاملاً کنترل‌شده صورت پذیرفت. صفات اندازه‌گیری‌شده شامل درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، درصد آب گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه گیاهچه بودند. نتایج نشان داد اثرات اصلی شوری و باکتری و اثر متقابل آن‌ها بر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده معنی‌دار بود (p<0.01). با افزایش شوری از ۳۵/۰ به ۱۴ دسی‌زیمنس بر متر، شاخص بنیه گیاهچه در تیمار شاهد (بدون تلقیح) به میزان ۶۴ درصد کاهش یافت. با این حال، تیمار ترکیبی سه‌تایی Az+As+Ps در شرایط بدون شوری، شاخص بنیه گیاهچه را تا ۵۶ درصد افزایش داد. در شوری ۱۴ دسی‌زیمنس، تیمار ترکیبی دو‌تایی As+Az توانست شاخص بنیه را تا ۷۵ درصد نسبت به شاهد همان سطح شوری افزایش دهد. همچنین، طول ریشه‌چه در شرایط شاهد بدون شوری برای تیمار As+Az حدود ۳۶ درصد افزایش یافت و در شوری ۱۴ دسی‌زیمنس، همین تیمار افزایشی ۶۶ درصدی نشان داد. درصد جوانه‌زنی نیز در شوری ۱۴ دسی‌زیمنس برای تیمارهای As+Az، Az+As+Ps و Ps حدود ۳۱ درصد بهبود یافت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تلقیح ترکیبی؛ محرک رشد؛ بنیه گیاهچه؛ سودوموناس؛ هم‌افزایی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of biopriming with plant growth-promoting bacteria on seed germination indices of kavir wheat under salinity stress
نویسندگان [English]
Ahmad Asgharzadeh1؛ Kobra Saghafi2؛ Bahman Khoshru3
1Associate Professor of Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31785-311, Iran.
2Researcher of Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31785-311, Iran.
3University of TabrizPostdoctoral Researcher, Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31785-311, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Objectives: Soil salinity is a major challenge for global agriculture, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, threatening crop yields and food security. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the world's most important staple crops, is particularly sensitive to salinity stress, which hampers seed germination, seedling establishment, and subsequent growth and productivity. The detrimental effects of salinity include reduced germination rates, stunted root and shoot growth, disrupted nutrient uptake, and decreased photosynthetic efficiency. However, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) present an eco-friendly solution to mitigate these adverse effects. PGPR enhance plant growth through mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phytohormones production, ethylene reduction, improved nutrient acquisition (e.g., phosphorus solubilization), and systemic resistance induction. This study aimed to explore the potential of seed bio-priming with selected PGPR strains to enhance germination and seedling growth of the salt-tolerant wheat cultivar 'Kavir' under different salinity levels. The objectives included assessing the effects of single and combined (consortium) inoculations of Azospirillum (As), Azotobacter (Az), and Pseudomonas (Ps) on key seedling growth parameters and identifying the most effective bacterial combinations for improving salt tolerance in the 'Kavir' cultivar.
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications at the Soil Biology and Biotechnology Research Department of the Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran. The experiment consisted of two factors: salinity levels (control: 0.35 dS/m (tap water), 6, and 14 dS/m) and seed bio-priming treatments. The bacterial treatments included three isolates: Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain 169 (Ps), Azotobacter chroococcum Strain 5 (Az), and Azospirillum brasilense Strain OF (As), applied as single, dual (As+Az, As+Ps, Az+Ps), and triple (Az+As+Ps) inoculations, along with a non-inoculated control. The experiment was carried out in 72 Petri dishes containing sterile filter paper moistened with the respective saline solutions. Seeds of 'Kavir' wheat were surface-sterilized and inoculated with the bacterial treatments before being placed in the Petri dishes. The Petri dishes were incubated under controlled conditions: a temperature of 25 ± 2°C, a 16-hour light/8-hour dark photoperiod, and 70–80% relative humidity. Measured traits included germination percentage and rate (calculated using Maguire’s formula), root and shoot length (mm), seedling water content (%), seedling vigor index (calculated as (Germination % × Seedling Length (cm)), and root-to-shoot ratio. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at the 5% probability level (P ≤ 0.05). Data analysis was performed using SAS software version 9.1. Prior to conducting mean comparisons, the normal distribution of the data was assessed and confirmed.
Results: The results showed that the main effects of salinity and bacteria were significant at the 1% probability level (p<0.01), and their interaction effect on germination percentage, germination rate, root length, shoot length, and seedling vigor index was significant at the 5% probability level (p<0.05). The interaction effect of salinity and bacteria on shoot fresh weight was not significant (p>0.05). Increasing salinity led to a significant decrease in all indices. For example, in the control condition (without salinity), the seedling vigor index in the control treatment was 20342, which decreased to 7296 (approximately 64% reduction) with increasing salinity to 14 dS/m. However, bacterial treatments had a positive effect on all traits, and combined (consortium) treatments showed a significant improvement in the indices compared to single inoculations. For instance, in the control condition, the Az+As+Ps combined treatment increased the seedling vigor index to 31670.6 (approximately 56% increase compared to the control). At 14 dS/m salinity, the As+Az combined treatment also increased the seedling vigor index to 12757.3 (approximately 75% increase compared to the control of the same salinity level). Regarding root length, in the control condition, the As+Az treatment showed approximately a 36% increase (to 186 mm) compared to the control (137 mm). At 14 dS/m salinity, the same treatment showed approximately a 66% increase (to 106 mm) compared to the control (64 mm). Regarding germination percentage, in the control condition, the Az+Ps treatment showed approximately a 14% increase (to 96%) compared to the control (84%), and at 14 dS/m salinity, the As+Az, Az+As+Ps, and Ps treatments similarly showed approximately a 31% increase (to 67%) compared to the control (51%).
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that salinity stress significantly impairs seed germination and seedling growth in the salt-tolerant wheat cultivar 'Kavir,' leading to a reduction in germination percentage and rate, as well as root and shoot length. However, seed bio-priming with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), particularly combined treatments, effectively mitigated the adverse effects of salinity and improved key parameters associated with seedling establishment and growth. The impact of PGPR varied across different salinity levels, indicating that the optimal bacterial combination changes depending on the intensity of stress. In general, triple combinations (e.g., Az+As+Ps under non-saline and mild salinity conditions) and dual combinations (e.g., As+Az or As+Ps under severe salinity) demonstrated superior performance in enhancing seedling growth. This highlights the dependency of PGPR efficacy on salinity levels, emphasizing that no single bacterial combination can be universally recommended for all conditions. Therefore, selecting the appropriate bacterial combination should consider soil salinity levels and environmental conditions. Another significant finding is that 'Kavir,' recognized as a salt-tolerant wheat cultivar, showed further enhancement in its inherent salt tolerance through the use of PGPR. This underscores the potential of PGPR as a tool to boost the resilience of even salt-tolerant genotypes, providing additional protection and improved growth under saline conditions.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Combined inoculation, growth promotion, seedling vigor, Pseudomonas, synergy
مراجع
  1. Arora, N.K., Fatima, T., Mishra, J., Mishra, I., Verma, S., Verma, R., Verma, M., Bhattacharya, A., Verma, P., Mishra, P. and Bharti, C., 2020. Halo-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for improving productivity and remediation of saline soils. Journal of Advanced Research, 26, pp.69-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.003
  2. Backer, R., Rokem, J.S., Ilangumaran, G., Lamont, J., Praslickova, D., Ricci, E., Subramanian, S. and Smith, D.L., 2018. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: context, mechanisms of action, and roadmap to commercialization of biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, p.1473. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01473
  3. Bashan, Y., de-Bashan, L. E., Prabhu, S. R., & Hernandez, J. P. 2014. Advances in plant growth-promoting bacterial inoculant technology: Formulations and practical perspectives (1998-2013). Plant and Soil, 378(1), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1956-x
  4. Bewley, J. D., Bradford, K. J., Hilhorst, H. W., & Nonogaki, H. 2013. Seeds: Physiology of development, germination, and dormancy (3rd ed.). Springer.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4693-4
  5. Degon Z, Dixon S, Rahmatallah Y, Galloway M, Gulutzo S, Price H, Cook J, Glazko G, and Mukherjee A. 2023. Azospirillum brasilense Strain OF improves rice growth under salt stress by regulating the expression of key genes involved in salt stress response, abscisic acid signaling, and nutrient transport, among others. Frontiers in agronomy. 4;5:1216503. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2023.1216503
  6. Desoky, E.S.M., Saad, A.M., El-Saadony, M.T., Merwad, A.R.M. and Rady, M.M., 2020. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: Potential improvement in antioxidant defense system and suppression of oxidative stress for alleviating salinity stress in Triticum aestivum (L.) plants. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 30, p.101878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101878
  7. Dolati, S., Elmāyi, M., Barani Motlagh, M., and Nouri Radduji, A. M. 2012. Isolation and Identification of Azotobacter Isolates and Measurement of their Plant Growth Promoting Factors. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 2(2), 121-135.
  8. Egamberdieva, D., Jabborova, D. and Hashem, A., 2015. Pseudomonas induces salinity tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and resistance to Fusarium root rot through the modulation of indole-3-acetic acid. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 22(6), pp.773-779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.04.019
  9. Fallah Nosratabad, A. and Khoshru, B., 2024. Potentials and challenges of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture. Journal of Sol Biology, 12(1), pp.19-63. (In Persian), https://doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2024.366090.265.
  10. FAO, 2021. The State of Food and Agriculture 2021. Making agrifood systems more resilient to shocks and stresses. Rome.
  11. Glick, B.R., 2012. Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica.
    https://doi.org/10.6064/2012/963401
  12. Gureeva, M.V. and Gureev, A.P., 2023. Molecular mechanisms determining the role of bacteria from the genus Azospirillum in plant adaptation to damaging environmental factors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(11), p.9122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119122
  13. Ha-Tran, D.M., Nguyen, T.T.M., Hung, S.H., Huang, E. and Huang, C.C., 2021. Roles of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in stimulating salinity stress defense in plants: A review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(6), p.3154. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063154
  14. Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., and Jensen, E. S. 2001. A review of the effect of legumes in cropping systems on seedling emergence and plant growth. Field Crops Research, 71(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00128-0.
  15. Khoshru, B., Fallah Nosratabad, A., Khosravi, H., Asgharzadeh, A. and Faridian, L., 2025a. Enhancing agricultural productivity using PGPR and nanoparticles: mechanisms, challenges, and future directions. Journal of Sol Biology, 12(2), pp.279-313. (In Persian), 22092/sbj.2025.368425.277.
  16. Khoshru, B., Fallah Nosratabad, A., Mahjenabadi, V.A.J., Knežević, M., Hinojosa, A.C., Fadiji, A.E., Enagbonma, B.J., Qaderi, S., Patel, M., Baktash, E.M. and Dawood, M.F.A.M., 2025b. Multidimensional role of Pseudomonas: from biofertilizers to bioremediation and soil ecology to sustainable agriculture. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 48(6), pp.1016-1042. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2416078
  17. Khoshru, B., Mitra, D., Khoshmanzar, E., Myo, E.M., Uniyal, N., Mahakur, B., Mohapatra, P.K.D., Panneerselvam, P., Boutaj, H., Alizadeh, M. and Cely, M.V.T., 2020. Current scenario and future prospects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: an economic valuable resource for the agriculture revival under stressful conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 43(20), pp.3062-3092. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2020.1799004
  18. Khosravi, H., Khoshru, B., Nosratabad, A.F. and Mitra, D., 2024. Exploring the landscape of biofertilizers containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Iran: Progress and research prospects. Current Research in Microbial Sciences, p.100268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100268
  19. Madigan, M. T., Bender, K. S., Buckley, D. H., Sattley, W. M., & Stahl, D. A. 2018. Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
  20. Maguire, J. D. 1962. Speed of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Science, 2(2), 176-177. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1962.0011183X000200020033x
  21. Mokarian, K., Maali-Amiri, R., Peighambari, A., Tabatabai, S.M.T. and Daneshmand, F., 2022. Physiological responses and expression pattern of SOS genes of bread wheat to salt stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 53(4), pp.275-289.
  22. Mollestad, H. H., Andersen, J. M., & Fagerli, C. 2017. PGPR-induced improvement of plant growth under saline stress: A review of current literature. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 111, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.04.002
  23. Munns, R. and Tester, M., 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59, pp.651-681. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911
  24. Nawaz, A., Shahbaz, M., Asadullah, Imran, A., Marghoob, M.U., Imtiaz, M. and Mubeen, F., 2020. Potential of salt tolerant PGPR in growth and yield augmentation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under saline conditions. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, p.2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.02019
  25. Neshat, M., Abbasi, A., Hosseinzadeh, A., Sarikhani, M. R., Dadashi Chavan, D., & Rasoulnia, A. 2022. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) induce antioxidant tolerance against salinity stress through biochemical and physiological mechanisms. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 28(2), 347-361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-022-01128-0
  26. Nivetha, N., Lavanya, A.K., Vikram, K.V., Asha, A.D., Sruthi, K.S., Bandeppa, S., Annapurna, K. and Paul, S., 2021. PGPR-mediated regulation of antioxidants: Prospects for abiotic stress management in plants. Antioxidants in plant-microbe interaction, pp.471-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1350-0_23
  27. Ravari, S.Z., Dehghani, H. and Naghavi, H., 2017. Study of genetic control of salinity tolerance in bread wheat cv. Kavir-using generation mean analysis. Crop Breeding Journal, 7(2), pp.57-66.
  28. Rengasamy, P., 2016. Soil processes affecting salt accumulation in irrigated soils. Agricultural Water Management, 163, pp.9-17.
  29. Richards, L. A. 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. United States Department of Agriculture Handbook 60. Washington, D.C.: USDA. https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-195408000-00012
  30. Rouphael, Y. and Colla, G., 2020. Toward a sustainable agriculture through plant biostimulants: from experimental data to practical field application. Agronomy, 10(6), p.848. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101461
  31. Saghafi, K., Ahmadi, J., Asgharzadeh, A., & Esmaeili-Zadeh, A. 2013. Investigating the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth indices of wheat under salinity stress. Soil Biology Journal, 1(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.22092/sbj.2013.120920.
  32. Seleiman, M.F., Aslam, M.T., Alhammad, B.A., Hassan, M.U., Maqbool, R., Chattha, M.U., Khan, I., Gitari, H.I., Uslu, O.S., Roy, R. and Battaglia, M.L., 2022. Salinity stress in wheat: effects, mechanisms and management strategies. Phyton (0031-9457), 91(4). https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2022.017365
  33. Shaffique, S., Imran, M., Kang, S.M., Khan, M.A., Asaf, S., Kim, W.C. and Lee, I.J., 2023. Seed Bio-priming of wheat with a novel bacterial strain to modulate drought stress in Daegu, South Korea. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, p.1118941. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1118941

Shahabi, M., Panjeke, N., Asadi 

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 137
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 143


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب