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بررسی تغییرات جمعیت و خسارت شته آردی بادام،Hyalopterus amygdali ، روی سیزده رقم تجاری بادام در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، ایران | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 45، شماره 3، تیر 1404، صفحه 409-420 اصل مقاله (566.83 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): https://doi.org/10.61186/jesi.45.3.7 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه مومنی شهرکی* 1؛ مجید کزازی1؛ زریر سعیدی2؛ بابک ظهیری1 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شته (Blanchard, 1840) Hyalopterus amygdali یکی از آفات مهم بادام در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری است. تغییرات جمعیت و خسارت این شته در مدت دو سال (1402- 1401) روی سیزده رقم تجاری بادام در این استان بررسی شد. نتایج بررسی تغییرات جمعیت شته نشان داد در هر دو سال نمونه‌برداری شته مورد بررسی فعالیت خود را از اواخر فرودین ماه روی درختان بادام شروع می‌کند و اوج جمعیت شته در هر دو سال در خرداد ماه است. میانگین تراکم جمعیت شته در سال اول نمونه‌برداری (1401) بالاتر از سال دوم بود. در سال 1401، رقمهای مامایی (71/42 عدد شته)، شاهرود 13 (08/40 عدد شته) و ربیع (64/37 عدد شته) به‌‌ترتیب دارای بالاترین میانگین تراکم شته در واحد نمونه‌برداری (سرشاخه) و رقمهای شاهرود 21 (14/7 عدد شته)، آیدین (17/8 عدد شته) و آراز (63/10 عدد شته) دارای کم‌ترین میانگین تراکم شته در هر سرشاخه بودند. در سال 1402 نیز بالاترین میانگین تراکم شته در هر سرشاخه روی رقمهای شاهرود 13 (42/46 عدد شته)، مامایی (68/41 عدد شته) و ربیع (42/20 عدد شته) و کم‌ترین میانگین تراکم شته در واحد سرشاخه روی رقمهای شاهرود 21 (80/0 عدد شته)، آراز (92/0 عدد شته) و آیدین (12/1 عدد شته) مشاهده شد. بر اساس تجزیه کلاستر که مبنای بررسی آن میانگین تغییرات جمعیت و میانگین شاخص خسارت در دو سال بود نیز رقمهای شاهرود 13 و مامایی به عنوان رقم حساس و رقمهای شاهرود 21، آیدین و آراز به عنوان رقم مقاوم طبقه‌بندی شدند. استفاده از ارقام مقاوم در مدیریت این آفت توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بادام؛ نوسانات جمعیت؛ Hyalopterus amygdali؛ مقاومت؛ تجزیه کلاستر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Population dynamic and damage of the Mealy Almond Aphid Hyalopterus amygdali on thirteen commercial cultivars of almonds in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Momeni Shahraki1؛ Majid Kazazi1؛ Zarir Saeidi2؛ Babak Zahiri1 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aphid Hyalopterus amygdali (Blanchard, 1840) is one of the important pests of almond in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Population fluctuation and damage caused by this aphid were studied during two years (2022- 2023) on thirteen commercial cultivars of almonds in this province. The study of population fluctuation showed that in both of the years, activity of the aphid was started on the almond trees in late April, and population peak was observed in May and June. The average density of aphid population in the first year of was higher than the second. In 2022, the cultivars Mamaei (42.71 aphids), Shahrood 13 (40.08 aphids), and Rabei (37.64 aphids) respectively had the highest average density of aphids per branch (sampling unit), whereas Shahrood 21 (7.14 aphids), Aidin (8.17 aphids), and Araz (10.63 aphids) had the lowest average density of aphids per branch, respectively. In 2023, the highest average density of aphids per branch was recorded on Shahrood 13 (46.42 aphids), Mamaei (41.68 aphids), and Rabei (20.42 aphids), whereas the lowest average density of aphids per branch was on Shahrood 21 (0.80 aphids), Araz (0.92 aphids), and Aidin (1.12 aphids). Based on cluster analysis which conducted based on the average population of the aphids and the average damage index, Shahrood 13 and Mamaei were classified as sensitive cultivars, whereas Shahrood 21, Aidin, and Araz cultivars were classified as resistant cultivars in both of the years. The use of resistant cultivars is recommended in the management of this pest. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Almond, Population fluctuation, Hyalopterus amygdali, resistance, cluster analysis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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