| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,139 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,383,489 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,276,856 |
جداسازی و شناسایی سویههای متعلق به جنس قارچی Bipolaris به عنوان مهارگرهای زیستی Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici عامل بیماری پاخوره گندم | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 2، اسفند 1403، صفحه 81-100 اصل مقاله (893.77 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2026.372006.411 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه غلامی1؛ جهانشیر امینی* 2؛ جعفر عبداله زاده3؛ مراحم آشنگرف4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. | ||
| 4استاد، گروه علوم زیستی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری پاخوره گندم ناشی از قارچ Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) یکی از بیماریهای مهم روی گندم، جو و چاودار در دنیا است. کنترل بیولوژیک یکی از روشهای مهم جهت حفاظت گیاهان در مقابل بیماریهای گیاهان بهخصوص عوامل بیماریزای خاکزاد است. در این مطالعه، دو سویه قارچ اندوفیت Ag2k1 و O31R3 از گیاهان غلات سالم جداسازی و توانایی آنها به عنوان عوامل کنترل زیستی بر علیه قارچ Ggt در شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. دو جدایه Ag2k1 و O31R3 بر اساس ویژگیهای ریختشناسی و مولکولی (توالی ناحیه ITS rDNA) بترتیب به عنوانBipolaris sorokiniana و Bipolaris victoriae شناسایی شدند. بیماریزایی قارچ بیمارگر روی گیاه گندم رقم پیشتاز انجام شد. علایم بیماری 20 روز پس از مایهزنی بهصورت زردی، کوتولگی، سیاه شدگی ریشه و طوقه گیاه ظاهر شد. دو قارچ اندوفیت B. sorokiniana Ag2K1 وB. victoriae O31R3 در شرایط آزمایشگاه در روش کشت متقابل رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر را بترتیب به میزان 33/85 و 65/41 درصد کاهش دادند. اما ترکیبات فرار و غیر فرار هر دو جدایه قارچ اندوفیت تاثیر کمی روی کاهش رشد پرگنه قارچ Ggt داشتند (48/11–67/2 درصد). در شرایط گلخانه دو قارچ اندوفیت B. sorokiniana Ag2K1 و B. victoriae O31R3 شدت بیماری پاخوره گندم را بترتیب به میزان 51/32 و 53/55 درصد کاهش دادند. هر دو جدایه قارچ اندوفیت تولید آنزیم پکتیناز کردند. جدایه B. victoriae O31R3 تولید آنزیم کتیناز کرد. هیچیک از دو جدایه قارچ اندوفیت قادر به تولید آنزیم پروتئاز، سلولاز، سیدروفور، سیانید هیدروژن و حلالیت فسفات نبودند. همچنین هر دو جدایه قارچ اندوفیت B. sorokiniana Ag2K1 وB. victoriae O31R3 هورمون اکسین و جیبرلین تولید کردند و پارامترهای رشدی گیاه گندم مثل ارتفاع ساقه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ساقه را در شرایط گلخانه به میزان قابل توجهی افزایش دادند. نتایج آزمایشگاه و گلخانه نشان داد که دو قارچ اندوفیت مورد مطالعه توانایی قابل توجهی در مهار زیستی قارچ Ggt عامل بیماری پاخوره گندم داشتند. همچنین این دو جدایه روی گیاهچههای آلوده گندم هیچ علایم بیماری ایجاد نکردند. این دو جدایه ممکن است به عنوان عوامل کنترل زیستی در مدیریت بیماری پاخوره گندم در شرایط مزرعه موثر باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اندوفیتهای قارچی؛ ترکیبات ضدقارچی؛ کنترل زیستی؛ ژن ITS rDNA | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Isolation and identification of Bipolaris strains as biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, the causal agent of wheat take–all disease | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masumeh gholami1؛ Jahanshir Amini2؛ Jafar Abdollahzadeh3؛ Morahem Ashengroph4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. studnt, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Professor, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Take–all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) is one of main wheat diseases worldwide. It is the most important disease of wheat and other temperate small–grain cereal such as barley and rye. Biological control is promising approach to protecting plants from disease. In this study, two endophytic fungi isolated from healthy cereals plants and their potential as biological control agents (BCAs) were tested against Ggt under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. The fungal endophytes were identified based on morphology and ITS rDNA) sequences as Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3. The selected isolate of pathogen (Ggt) was pathogenic on wheat plant c.v Pishta.z and the first symptoms of disease appeared after 20 days. Pathogen infected wheat roots and caused a root rot, and symptoms progressed into the crown and base of the wheat stem. Both endophytic fungi represented in vitro antifungal activity against Ggt by dual culture test with (33.85%) in B. sorokiniana Ag2K1 and (65.41%) in B. victoriae O31R3. But both endophytic fungi had low effect on growth of Ggt in vitro by volatile and non–volatile compounds (2.67% to 11.48%). Both isolates produced Pectinase. Isolate of B. victoriae O31R3 produced Chitinase. None of isolates produced Protease, Cellulase, Siderophore, HCN and phosphate solubilization. Both isolates Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3 had significant effects on controlling take–all in greenhouse conditions and reduced disease severity of take–all in wheat with ranging from 51.32% to 53.55%, respectively. Also, both isolates Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3 produced IAA and gibberellin, which had the most effect on increasing of growth parameters of wheat plant in greenhouse conditions. The results of in vitro and greenhouse conditions showed that the endophytic fungi had an effective antifungal activity against Ggt causal agent of take–all disease in wheat. No disease symptoms were observed in seedlings infected by these isolates (B. sorokiniana Ag2k1 and B. victoriae O31R3). Therefore, it is possible, that these endophytes as biocontrol agents were protected wheat plant against Ggt causal agent take–all disease. The results of this study showed that it may be possible to manage wheat take–all disease effectively by using endophytic fungi as biological control agents for use in the field. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Antifungal compounds, Biological control, Fungal endophytes, ITS rDNA gene | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abaya, A., Xue, A. & Hsiang, T. 2021. Selection and screening of fungal endophytes against wheat pathogens. Biological control, 154: 104511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104511 Agrawal, T. & Kotasthane, A.S. 2012. Chitinolytic assay of indigenous Trichoderma isolates collected from different geographical locations of Chhattisgarh in Central India. Springerplus, 1: 73. Ajijah, N., Fiodor, A.F., Kazimierczuk, K., Urbaniak, M., Enow, E. & Stasiuk, R. 2024. Pseudomonas protegens ML15 and Trichoderma koningiopsis Tr21 co–culture: A potent strategy for suppressing Fusarium cerealis infections in wheat through augmented antifungal metabolite production. Biological control, 198: 105621. Alstrom, S. & Burns, R.G. 1989. Cyanide production by rhizobacteria as a possible mechanism of plant growth inhibition. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 7: 232–238. Amini, J. & Dzhalilov, F.S. 2010. Induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causal agent of Fusarium wilt of tomato by non–pathogenic F. oxysporum under greenhouse conditions. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 78: 15–32. Arora, N.K. & Verma, M. 2017. Modified microplate method for rapid and efficient estimation of siderophore produced by bacteria. 3 Biotech, 7: 1–9. Asher, M.J. C. & Shipton, P.J. 1981. Biology and Control of Take–all. Academic Press. London, UK. Chebotar, V.K., Malfanora, N.V., Scherbakov, A.V., Ahtemova, G.A. & Borisor, A.Y. 2015. Endophytic bacteria in microbial preparations that improve plant development. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 51: 271–277. Backman, P.A., Wilson, M. & Murphy, J.F., 1997. Bacteria for biological control of plant diseases. In: Rechcigl, N.A., Rechecigl, J.E. (Eds.), Environmentally safe approaches to crop disease control. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 95–109. Ben Abdallah, R.A., Mejdoub–Trabelsi, B., Nefzi, A., Jabnoun–Khiareddin, H. & Daami–Remadi, M. 2016. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from Withania somnifera and assessment of their ability to suppress Fusarium wilt disease in tomato and to promote plant growth. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 7: 1–11. Bhattacharyya, P.N. & Jha, D.K. 2012. Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 4: 1327–1350. Chantawannakul, P., Oncharoen, A., Klanbut, K., Chukeati–rote, E. & Lumyong, S. 2002. Characterization of protease of Bacillus subtilis strain 38 isolated from traditionally fermented soybean in northern Thailand. Science Asia, 28: 241–245. Collinge, D.B., Jørgensen, H.J., Latz, M.A., Manzotti, A., Ntana, F., Rojas Tayo, E.C. & Jensen, B. 2019. Searching for novel fungal biological control agents for plant disease control among endophytes. pp. 25–51. In: Hodkinson, T.R., Doohan, F.M., Saunders, M.J. & Murphy, B.R. (eds.). Endophytes for a Growing World. Cambridge University Press, 444 P. Coombs, J.T., Michelsen, P.P. & Franco, C.M.M. 2004. Evaluation of endophytic actinobacteria as antagonists of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in wheat. Biological control, 29: 359–366. Davis, K.R., Lyon, G.D., Darvill, A.G. & Albersheim, P. 1984. Host–pathogen interactions: XXV. Endopolygalacturonic acid lyase from Erwinia carotovora elicits phytoalexin accumulation by releasing plant cell wall fragments. Plant Physiology, 74: 52–60. Delaney, S.M., Mavrodi, D.V., Bonsall, R.F. & Thomashow, L.S. 2001. phzO, a gene for biosynthesis of 2–hydroxylated phenazine compounds in Pseudomonas aureofaciens 30–84. Journal of Bacteriology, 183:318–327. Dennis, C. & Webster, J. 1971. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma, production of non–volatile antibiotics. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 57: 25–39. Dias, A.C.F., Costa, F.E.C., Andreote, F.D., Lacava, P.T., Teixeira, M.A., Assumpcao, L.C., Araujo, W.L., Azevedo, J.L. & Melo, I.S. 2009. Isolation of micropropagated strawberry endophytic bacteria and assessment of their potential for plant growth promotion. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25: 189–195. Ghahfarokhy, M.R., Goltapeh, E.M., Purjam, E., Pakdaman, B.S., Modarres Sanavy, S.A.M. & Varma, A. 2011. Potential of mycorrhiza–like fungi and Trichoderma species in biocontrol of Take–all disease of wheat under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Agriculture and Technology, 7: 185–195. Gholami, M., Amini, J., Abdollahzadeh. & Ashengroph, M. 2019. Basidiomycetes fungi as biocontrol agents against take–all disease of wheat. Biological control, 130: 34–43. González–Lamothe, R., El Oirdi, M., Brisson, N. & Bouarab, K. 2012. The conjugated auxin indole–3–acetic acid–aspartic acid promotes plant disease development. Plant Cell, 24: 762–777. Gour, A.C. 1990. Physiological functions of phosphate solubilizing micro–organisms. In: Gour, A. C. (ed.) Phosphate solubilizing micro–organisms as biofertilizers. Omega scientific publishers. New Delhi, 16–72. Hase, S., Takahashi, S., Takenaka, S., Nakaho, K., Arie, T., Seo, S., Ohashi, Y. & Takahashi, H. 2008. Involvement of jasmonic acid signalling in bacterial wilt disease resistance induced by biocontrol agent Pythium oligandrum in tomato. Plant Pathology, 57: 870–876. Holbrook, A.A., Edge, W.J.W. & Bailey, F. 1961. Spectrophotometric method for determination of Gibberellic acid. Advances in Chemistry, 28: 159–167. Huang, X., Zhang, N., Yong, X., Yang, X.Y. & Shen, Q.R. 2012. Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping–off disease in cucumber with Bacillus pumilus SQR–N43. Microbiology Research, 167: 135–143. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2011.06.002 Jolanata, J.S., Ewa, K., Krystyna, W., Anata, B. & Aleksander, L. 2008. Colonization of root tissues and protection against Fusarium wilt of rye (Secale cereale) by non–pathogenic rhizosphere strains of Fusarium culmorum. Biological Control, 45: 297–307. Kasana, R. C., Salwan, R., Dhar, H., Dutt, S. & Gulati, A. 2008. A rapid and easy method for the detection of microbial cellulases on agar plates using gram’s iodine. Current Microbiology, 57: 503–507. Kemp, N.D., Vaughan, M.M., McCormick, S.P. & Brown, J.A. 2020. Sarocladium zeae is a systemic endophyte of wheat and an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium head blight. Biological control, 149: 104329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104329 Kraus Kraus J. & Loper, J.E. 1990. Biocontrol of Pythium damping off by Pseudomonas fluorescens pf–5: Mechanistic studies. In Keel C., Kadler, B. & Defago G. Plant growth promoting rhizobacter. The second workshop on plant growth promoting rizobacteria. Inter Laken, Switzerland, 172–175. Kwak, Y.S., Bakker, P.A.H.M., Glandorf, D.C.M., Rice, J.T., Paulitz, T.C. & Weller, D.M. 2009. Diversity, virulence, and 2,4–diacetylphloroglucinol sensitivity of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici isolates from Washington state. Phytopathology, 99: 472–9. Larran, S., Perello, A., Simon, M.R. & Moreno, V. 2007. The endophytic fungi from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23: 565–572. Little, T.M., & Hills, F.J. 1978. Agricultural Experimentation Design and Analysis. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 350 pp. Liu, B., Qiao, H., Huang, L., Buchenauer, H., Han, Q., Kang, Z. & Gong, Y. 2009. Biological control of take–all in wheat by endophytic Bacillus subtilis E1R–j and potential mode of action. Biological Control, 49: 277–285. Liu, B. Y. & Zhou, J. 2013. Effect study on isolation and screening of antagonistic actinomycetes in soil. Mod. Agri. Technol, 17: 225–228. Liu, H., Park, S. & Sang, H. 2023. Identification and Fungicide control of Bipolaris sorokiniana causing leaf spot and blight on common hop (Humulus lupulus) in korea. Plant Disease, 107: 2939–2943. Liu, Z., Xia, J., Zhang, X., Dou, S., Gae, T., Wang, D. & Zhang, D. 2022. Influence of Bacillus subtilis strain Z–14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Frontiers in microbiology, 13: 923242. Doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.923242 Louden, B.C., Haarmann, D. & Lynne, A.M. 2011. Use of blue agar CAS assay for siderophore detection. Journal of Microbiology and Biology Education, 12: 51–53. Manamgoda, D.S., Rossman, A.Y., Castlebury, L.A., Crous, P.W., Madrid, H., Chukeatirote, E. & Hyde, D.K. 2014. The genus Bipolaris. Studies in Mycology, 19: 221–288. Olson, H.A. & Benson, D.M. 2007. Induced systemic resistance and the role of binucleate Rhizoctonia and Trichoderma hamatum 382 in biocontrol of Botrytis blight in geranium. Biological Control, 42: 233–241. Palma–Guerrero, J., Chancellor, T., Spong, J., Canning, G., Hammond, J. & McMillan, V.E. 2021. Take–all disease: New insights into an important wheat root pathogen. Trends in Plant Science. 26: 836–848. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.02.009 Pal, K.K. & Gardener, B.M. 2006. Biological control of plant pathogens. Plant Health Instructor, 2:1117–1142. Patten, C.L. & Glick, B.R. 2002. Role of Pseudomonas putida indoleacetic acid in development of the host plant root system. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68: 3795–3801. Peng, X., Zhang, H., Bai, Z. & Li, B. 2004. Induced resistance to Cladosporium cucumerinum in cucumber by pectinases extracted from Penicillium oxalicum. Phytoparasitica, 32: 377–87. Picard, K., Ponchet, M., Blein, J.–P., Rey, P., Tirilly, Y. & Benhamou, N. 2000. Oligandrin. A proteinaceous molecule produced by the mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum induces resistance to Phytophthora parasitica infection in tomato plants. Plant Physiology, 124: 379–395. Raeder, U. & Broda, P. 1985. Rapid preparation of DNA from filamentous fungi. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 1: 17–20. Rai, M., Zimowska, B. & Kövics, G.J. 2022. Phoma: Diversity, Taxonomy, Bioactivities and nanotechnology. Springer. Roja, E.C., Jensen, B., Jørgensen, H.J.L., Latz, M.A.C., Esteban, P., Ding, Y. & Collinge, D.B. 2020. Selection of fungal endophytes with biocontrol potential against Fusarium head blight in wheat. Biological control, 144: 104222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104222 Ryan, R.P., Germaine, K., Franks, A., Ryan, D.J. & Dowling, D.N. 2008. Bacterial endophytes: recent developments and applications. Federation of European Microbiological Societies, 278: 1–9. Safari M.R. & Mohammadian, S. 2016. Biological control of rice brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris victoriae by some fungal isolates in the greenhouse and in vitro conditions. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 3: 11–25. Schalchli, H., Pardo, F., Hormazába, E., Palma, R., Guerrero, J. & Bensch, E. 2012. Antifungal activity of wheat root exudate extracts on Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici growth. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12: 329–337. Schwyn, B. & Neilands, J.B. 1987. Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophore. Analytical Biochemistry, 160(1): 47–56. Segarra, G., Casanova, E., Bellido, D., Odena, M.A., Oliveira, E. & Trillas, I. 2007. Proteome, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid changes in cucumber plants inoculated with Trichoderma asperellum strain T34. Proteomics, 7: 3943–3952. Silva, S., De Costa, H., Lopes, T., Ramos, V., Rodrigues, N., Pereira, A., Lino–Neto, T. & Baptista, P. 2023. Potential of the endophyte Penicillium commune in the control of olive anthracnose via induction of antifungal volatiles in host plant. Biological control, 187: 105373. Sim, G.S.F., Chem, Y.L., Ng, S.L. & Ting, A.S.Y. 2019. Antifungal activities of metal–tolerant endophytes against Ganoderma boninense under the influence of metal stress. Biological Control, 130: 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.12.004 Sivanesan, A. 1987. Graminicolous species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, Drechslera, Exserohilumand their teleomorphs. Mycological Papers, 158: 1– 261. Shoresh, M., Yedidia, I. & Chet, I. 2005. Involvement of jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathway in the systemic resistance induced in cucumber by Trichoderma asperellum T203. Phytopathology, 95: 76–84. Swofford, D.L. 2002. phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (and other methods). Sunderland, Massachusetts Sinauer Associates. Sundaramoorthy, S., Raguchander, T., Ragupathi, N. & Samiyappan, R. 2012. Ombinatorial effect of endophytic and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria against wilt disease of Capsicum annum L. caused by Fusarium solani. Biological control, 60: 59–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.10.002 Sunitha, V.H., Devi, D.N. & Srinivas, C. 2013. Extracellular enzymatic activity of endophytic fungal strains isolated from medicinal plants. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9: 1–9. Takenaka, S., Nishio, Z. & Nakamura, Y. 2003. Induction of defense reactions in sugar beet and wheat by treatment with cell wall protein fractions from the mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum. Phytopathology, 96: 908–916. Ting, A.S.Y., Mah, S.W. & Tee, C. S. 2010. Identification of Volatile Metabolites from Fungal Endophytes with Biocontrol Potential towards Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 4. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 5: 177–182. Tiru, M., Muleta, D., Bercha, G. & Adugna, G. 2013. Antagonistic effect of rhizobacteria against coffee wilt disease caused by Gibberella xylarioides. Asian Journal Plant Pathology, 7: 109–122. Trillas, M.I. & Segarra, G. 2009. Chapter 8 Interaction between nonpathogenic fungi and plant. Advances in botanical research, 51: 321–359. Vera Palma, C.A., Madariaga Burrows, B.P., González, M.G., Gamboa, B.R. & Moya–Elizondo, E.A. 2019. Integration between Pseudomonas protegens strains and fluquinconazole for the control of take–all in wheat. Crop Protection, 121: 163–172. Uthandi, S., Karthikeyan, S. & Sabarinathan, K.G. 2010. Gibberellic acid production by Fusarium fuzikoroi SG2. Journal of scientific and industrial research, 69: 211–214. Waller, F., Mukherjee, K., Deshmukh, S.D., Achatz, B., Sharma, M., Scha¨fer, P. & Kogel, K.H. 2008. Systemic and local modulation of plant responses by Piriformospora indica and related Sebacinales species. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165: 60–70. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.05.017 Waqas, M., Khan, A.L., Kamran, M., Hamayun, M., Kang, S.M., Kim, Y.H. & Lee, I.J. 2012. Endophytic fungi produce gibberellins and indoleacetic acid and promotes host–plant growth during stress. Molecules, 17: 10754–10773. Weller, D.M. & Cook, R.J. 1983. Suppression of take–all of wheat by seed treatments with fluorescent pseudomonads. Phytopathology, 73: 463–469. White, T.J., Bruns, T. & Taylor, J. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylognetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White JW (eds). A Guide to Molecular Methods and Applications. Academic Press, New York. 315–322. Xiang, L., Gong, S., Yang, L., Hao, J., Xue, M., Zhang, F., Shi, W., Wang, H. & Yu, D. 2016. Biocontrol potential of endophytic fungi in medicinal plants from Wuhan botanical garden in China. Biological Control, 94: 47–55. Yan, L., Zhu, J., Zhao, X., Shi, J., Jiang, C. & Shao, D. 2019. Beneficial effects of endophytic fungi colonization on plants. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 103: 3327–3340. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s00253–019–09713–2 Yasmin, S., Hafeez, F.Y., Mirza, M.S., Rasul, M., Hafiz, M.I., Arshad, H.M.I., Zubair, M. & Iqbal, M. 2017. Biocontrol of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice and Profiling of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Rhizospheric Pseudomonas aeruginosa BRp3. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8: 1–23. Yang, L.R., Quan, X., Xue, B.G., Goodwin, P.H., Lu, S.B. & Wang, J.H. 2015. Isolation and identification of Bacillus subtilis strain YB–05 and its antifungal substances showing antagonism against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Biological Control, 85: 52–58. Doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.12.010 Yu, Y., Kang, Z., Buchenauer, H. & Huang, L. 2009. Purification and characterization of a novel extracellular ß–1, 3–glucanase complex (GluGgt) secreted by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. World Journal Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25: 2179–2186. Zakira, N., Adam, H.P., Fauzia. Y.H. & Michael. R.R. 2009. Identification of rice blast disease suppressing bacterial strains from the rhizosphere of rice grown in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 28: 1052–1060. Zhao, G., Sun, T., Zhang, Z., Zhang, J., Bian, Y., Hou, C., Zhang, D., Han, S. & Wang, D. 2023. Management of Take–all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in wheat through Bacillus subtilis strains. Frontiers in microbiology, 1118176. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1118176 Zhang, J., Yan, H., Xia, M., Xie, L., Goodwin, P.H., Quan, X., Sun, R., Wu, C. & Yang, L. 2020. Wheat root transcriptional responses against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Phytopathology Research, 2: 1–23. Zhang, C.Y., Wang, W.W., Xue, M., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q.M. & Hou, J.M. 2021. The combination of a biocontrol agent Trichoderma asperellum SC012 and hymexazol reduces the effective fungicide dose to control Fusarium wilt in cowpea. Journal of Fungi, 7: 685. doi: 10.3390/jof7090685 Zhang, Q.H., Zhang, J., Yang, L., Zhang, L., Jiang, D.H., Chen, W.D. & Li, G.Q. 2014. Diversity and biocontrol potential of endophytic fungi in Brassica napus. Biological Control, 72: 98–108. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 18 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 15 |
||