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Gallic Acid Mitigates Carrageenan-Induced Acute Paw Edema in Rats through Antioxidant Activity and Modulation of NF-κB, COX-2, and Proinflammatory Cytokines | ||
| Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 07 اسفند 1404 اصل مقاله (809.74 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jmpb.2026.370818.2059 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Kobra Bahrampour Juybari1، 2؛ Mitra Mahmoudi2؛ Sara Bayat3، 4؛ Pouya Noorian2؛ Foroogh Rostami Ghadi2؛ Mehdi Goudarzi5، 6؛ Gholamreza Houshmand* 7، 2 | ||
| 1Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran | ||
| 2Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran | ||
| 4Gut and Liver Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran | ||
| 5Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 6Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 7The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This research project was conducted to assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms of gallic acid (GA) in a rat model of paw edema triggered by carrageenan (Carr). In this experimental investigation, 42 adult male Wistar rats were casually sorted to make six experimental groups. Group I received normal saline (NS). Group II received NS before the Carr injection. Group III was treated with indomethacin (IND) prior to Carr injection. Groups IV-VI received GA at increasing doses before the Carr administration. By analyzing oxidative stress indicators, inflammatory signaling pathways, and serum cytokine levels, the regulating properties of GA on Carr-stimulated rat paw inflammation were ascertained. The levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were all meaningfully reduced by GA. Additionally, GA increased interleukin-10 secretions and enhanced the activation of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase besides glutathione content. Gallic acid meaningfully reduced paw edema triggered via Carr injection in rats, indicating a robust acute anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, it suppressed Carr-induced inflammation through its antioxidative properties. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Gallic acid؛ Carrageenan؛ Antioxidant؛ NF-κB؛ TNF-α | ||
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