| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,094 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,533 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,385,875 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,836,305 |
ارائه مدل های رویش و محصول برای جنگل های پهن برگ آمیخته و ناهمسال شمال کشور (مطالعه موردی: بخش گرازبن جنگل خیرود) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 22، شماره 1، فروردین 1393، صفحه 39-50 اصل مقاله (351.15 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2013.9046 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمود بیات* 1؛ منوچهر نمیرانیان2؛ محمود زبیری2؛ محمود امید2؛ تیمو پوکالا3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3هیات علمی دانشگاه فنلاند شرقی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فقدان مدلهای رویش و محصول، مدیریت یکپارچه جنگل (همه کارکردهای جنگل مورد توجه قرار گیرد) را به تأخیر میاندازد. در این تحقیق که برای اولین بار در داخل کشور در بخش گرازبن جنگل خیرود بهوسعت 24/934 هکتار انجام شد، با استفاده از 256 قطعهنمونه دائم 10 آری که طی یک دوره نهساله دوبار آماربرداری شدهاند، مجموعه مدلهایی ارائه شد که قادرند توسعه توده جنگل را در روشهای مختلف مدیریت جنگل، شبیهسازی کرده و درنهایت بهترین روش را انتخاب کنند. این مدلها برای اولین بار بدون درنظرگرفتن شاخص رویشگاه و سن توده ارائه شدهاند و شامل مدل تکدرخت رویش قطری، مدل تکدرخت رویش ارتفاع، مدل تکدرخت رویشی زادآوری (تعداد درختانی که به قطر بیشتر از هفت سانتیمتر در طول دوره رسیدهاند) و مدل تکدرخت زندهمانی (مرگومیر) میباشند. از مدل لجستیک با آنالیز رگرسیون لجستیک برای مدل زندهمانی استفاده شد. شاخصهایی که در مدل رویش قطری و زندهمانی استفاده شدند، تأثیر رقابت، اندازه درخت و ترکیب توده را نشان میدهند. رقابت در توده از طریق سطح مقطع و سطح مقطع قطورترین درختان در توده بررسی و محاسبه شد. از میان مدلها، مدلهای رویشی قطری، رویش ارتفاعی و مدل زندهمانی از دقت و صحت خوبی برخوردار بودند. در مدل رویش قطری، گونههای بلندمازو و راش بیشترین رویش و در مدل رویشی زندهمانی، احتمال زندهمانی گونه ممرز نسبت به دیگر گونهها کمتر بود. در مجموع استفاده از مدل در برنامهریزی و مدیریت جنگل دارای معایب و محاسنی است که با آگاهی از این مهم میتوان تصمیمهای صحیح و منطقی گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| مدل رویشی تکدرخت؛ قطعاتنمونه دائم؛ گرازبن؛ محصول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Growth and yield models for uneven – aged and mixed broadleaf forest (Case study: Gorazbon District in Kheyroud Forest, North of Iran) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahmoud Bayat1؛ Manouchehr Namiranian2؛ Mahmoud Zobeiri2؛ Mahmoud Omid2؛ Timo Pukkala3 | ||
| 1Ph.D student, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Hyrcania is a productive region near the southern coast of Caspian Sea. Her forests are mostly uneven-aged beach-dominated hardwood mixtures. There is increasing willingness to treat these forests without clear-felling, following the ideas of continuous cover management. However, lack of growth and yield models have delayed this endeavor, and no instructions for uneven-aged management have been issued so far. 768.4 ha virgin forest of Gorazbon district in Kheyroud educational- experimental Forest was sampled using 258 permanent sample plots in which two inventories was done. This study developed a set of models which enable the simulation of stand development in alternative management schedules and select finally the best method. The models were used to optimize the stand structure and the way in which various initial stands should be converted to the optimal uneven-aged structure. These models firstly developed without site index and age. The model set consists of individual-tree diameter increment model, individual tree height model, survival model, and a model for ingrowth. Logistic model fitted with binary logistic regression analysis was used to model the probability of survival. Non-linear mixed-effects modeling was used in height and diameter increment modeling. The predictors used in survival and increment modeling described the influence of tree size, competition and species. A common model was fitted for all species, using indicator variables to account for any species effects. Competition was described by stand basal area and basal area in larger trees. Competition variables were not included in the tree height model since they would result in instantaneous (and illogical) changes in predicted tree height in simulated thinning treatments. Within the models individual-tree diameter increment model, individual tree height model, survival model had high accuracy, Fagus orientalis and Quercus casaneifolia species had highest incremental diameter between species. In the end, using of growth models have advantages and disadvantages in planning and forest management that aware of this importance can be taken correct and logical decisions. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Individual-tree model, Gorazbon district, permanent sample plots, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abrams, M.D., Copenheaver, C.A., Terazawa, K., Umeki, K., Takiya, M. and Akashi, N. 2003. A 370 year denderoecological history of an old-growth Abies-Acer-Quercus forest in Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, (29):1891-1899. - Anonymous, 2009. Forest management project of Gorazbon section, kheyrud experimental forest. University of Tehran, 375p (In Persian). - Bayat, M., Namiranian, M., Zobeiri, M. and Fathi, J. 2013a. Determining the growing volume and number of trees in the forest using permanent sample plots. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21 (3): 424-438 (In Persian). - Bayat, M., Pukkala, T., Namiranian, M. and Zobeiri, M. 2013b. Productivity and optimal management of the uneven-aged hardwood forests of Hyrcania. European Journal of Forest Research, 132:851-864. - Colbert, D.M. 2004. The Practice of Silvicultere. Jon Willey & Sons, 344p. - Eslami, A. 2008. Investigation of possible to achieve a balance of Fagetum hyrcanum curves with uneven aged structure. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Sciences and Researches Branch, Tehran, 124p (In Persian). - Etemad, V. 2002. Quantity and quality investigation seed of fagus the forests of Mazandaran province. Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, 258p (In Persian). - Farahmand, K. 2012. Economic analysis of optimal utilising at Northern forest of Iran. International Journal of AgriScience, 2(4): 374-384. - Griess, V.C. and Knoke, T. 2013. Bioeconomic modelling of mixed Norway spruce - European beech stands: Economic consequences of considering ecological effects. European Journal of Forest Research, 132(3): 511-522. - Hasenaure, H. 2006. Sustainable Forest Management, Growth Models for Europe. Springer, 398p. - Heshmatol Vaezin, S.M., Attarod, P. and Bayramzadeh, V. 2008. Tree volume increment models of broadleaf species in the uneven-aged mixed Caspian forest. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 7: 700-709. - Jalilvand, H. 2003. Model and simulation growth reaction in tree of forest to climate and nourishment variables. Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Noor, 258p (In Persian). - Lohmander, P. and Mohammadi-Limaei, S. 2008. Optimal continuous cover forest Management in an uneven-aged forest in the North of Iran. Journal of Applied Science, 8(11): 1995-2007. - Namiranian, M. 2010. Tree Measurement and Forest Biometry. Tehran University Press, 594p (In Persian). - Peng, Ch. 2000. Growth and yield models for uneven-aged stands: Past, present and future. Forest Ecology and Management, 132: 259-279. - Pretzsch, H., Bielak, K., Block, J., Bruchwald, A., Dieler, J., Ehrhart, H.P., Kohnle, U., Nagel, J., Spellmann, H., Zasada, M. and Zingg, A. 2013. Productivity of mixed versus pure stands of oak (Quercus pretraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) along an ecological gradient. European Journal of Forest Research, 132(2): 263-280. - Pukkala, T., Lähde, E. and Laiho, O. 2009. Growth and yield models for uneven aged stand in Finland. Forest Ecology and Management, 258: 207-216. - Pukkala, T., Lähde, E. and Laiho, O. 2010. Optimizing the structure and management of uneven-sized stands in Finland. Forestry, 83(2): 129-142. - Schroder, J., Röhle, H., Gerold, D. and Münder, K. 2007. Modelling individual-tree growth in stands under forest conversion in East Germany, European Journal of Forest Research, 126(3): 459-472. - Siron, W. 2003. Competition Index and Stand Modelling. McGraw Hill, 509p. - Tahvonen, O. 2009. Optimal choice between even- and uneven-aged forestry. Natural Resources Modelling, 22: 289-321. - Tahvonen, O., Pukkala, T., Laiho, O., Lähde, E. and Niinimäki, S. 2010. Optimal management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands. Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 106-115. - Zeid Nour Mohammadi, M. 2007. Development of diameter increment of Acer velutinum. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari,105P (In Persian). - Zobeiri, M. 2008. Forest Biometry. Tehran University Press, 407p (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,188 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,158 |
||