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باززایی غیرمستقیم کیکم ترکمنی (Acer monospessulanum) در شرایط درون شیشهای | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49، خرداد 1396، صفحه 1-12 اصل مقاله (510.72 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2017.109811 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عباس صفرنژاد* 1؛ هادی درودی2 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی | ||
| 2دکترای جنگلداری، بخش تحقیقات کشت بافت، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گونه کیکم یکی از گونه های مهم جنس Acer از خانواده Aceraceae میباشد. زیرگونه turcomanicum در جنگلهای ناحیه رویشی ایران تورانی بهعنوان گونـه همـراه ارس در ارتفاعات استانهـای خراسـان رضـوی و شـمالی پراکنش دارد. سال بذردهى این گونه هر سه سال یکبار است. قوه نامیه بذر آن پایین و تعداد بذرهای رسیده و سالم کم میباشد. بذرهای این گونه دارای خواب بوده و قوه نامیه آن پس از طى دوره سرمادهى کاهش مییابد. متأسفانه، بسیاری از رویشگاههای این گونه تحت تأثیر چرای دام و دخالتهای انسانی با تخریب زیادی مواجه شده است. بهدلیل مشکلات تکثیر جنسی، استفاده از روشهای غیرجنسی بهمنظور تولید نهالهای با کیفیت مطلوب میتواند در احیاء رویشگاههای این گونه بسیار راهگشا باشد. یکی از راههای مطمئن تولید نهال، تکثیر غیرجنسی از طریق ریزازدیادی است. به این منظور ریزنمونهها از رویشگاه آن تهیه و باززایی انجام شد. القاء کالوس در محیطهای هورمونی مختلف انجام و غلظتهای مختلف هورمونی برای باززایی کالوس بررسی شد. از بین محیطهای مورد بررسی، باززایی غیرمستقیم از کالوس تنها در غلظتهای 1/0 و 5/0 میلیگرم در لیتر هورمون رشد گیاهی تیدیازورون (TDZ) انجام شد. تعداد، رشد طولی و شادابی ساقهچهها تحت تأثیر غلظتهای مختلف هورمون TDZ بررسی شد و تیمار 5/0 میلیگرم در لیتر هورمون TDZ با متوسط 16/4 عدد بیشترین تعداد ساقهزایی را داشت. از نظر شادابی و ارتفاع ساقهچهها تفاوت معنیداری بین تیمارها وجود نداشت. بهطورکلی محیط پایه MS و هورمون TDZ برای باززایی کالوس گونه کیکم ترکمنی مناسب میباشد. گیاهچههای باززایی شده بهمنظور سازگاری به گلدان منتقل و بعد به خاک انتقال یافتند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| افراکیکم؛ باززایی؛ کالوس؛ TDZ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Indirect regeneration of Acer monospessulanum by in vitro techniques | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Safarnejad1؛ H. Darroudi2 | ||
| 1Faculty member of Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center or Mashhad Branch, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) | ||
| 2PhD, Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, I.R. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Acer monospessulanum is an important species of the genus Acer from Aceraceae family. Turcamanicum subspecies spreads in Irano-Turanian region as associated plant of juniper forests in highlands of Razavi Khorasan province and northern part of the province. Its mast year is every three years, germination rate of seeds and number of healthy matured seeds is low. Also, the seeds have dormancy period and their germination percentage is decreased after chilling periods. Unfortunately, most of the species habitats are under intense grazing and human intervention effects, so that the species has been encountered with severe destruction. Due to sexual reproduction problems, application of vegetative propagation methods could be advantageous in high quality seedling production and reclamation of the habitats. One of seedling production methods is propagation using in vitro techniques. For this purpose, explants were collected from their natural habitats, and their regeneration was assessed in different hormonal treatments. Embryogenesis percentage in different hormonal treatments was investigated. Applying different hormonal treatments, callus regeneration was observed only in 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l of TDZ hormone concentration. Shoot number, shoot growth and shoot vigority were affected by different concentrations of TDZ hormones. MS media supplemented by 0.5 mg/l TDZ had the highest shoot production. But vigority and shoot length were not significantly different by utilizing different hormonal treatments. Finally, MS basal media and TDZ hormone are suitable for regeneration from callus in the valuable tree species. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Acer monospessulanum, Callus, regeneration, TDZ | ||
| مراجع | ||
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