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بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک و تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد گل و شاخص‌های رشدی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 33، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 82، تیر 1396، صفحه 293-303 اصل مقاله (223.49 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.107051.1827 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فریده احمدی1؛ محمد حسین امینی فرد* 2؛ مهدی خیاط3؛ علیرضا صمدزاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
| 4مربی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثرات اسید هیومیک و تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد گل و شاخص‌های رشدی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.)، آزمایشی در سال 1394 به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در دانشگاه بیرجند اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار سطح اسید هیومیک (0، 5، 10 و 15 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح تراکم کاشت (50، 75 و 100 بنه در مترمربع) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اسید هیومیک بر وزن تک گل، وزن تر و خشک کلاله معنی‌دار بود، اما تعداد گل در مترمربع، طول کلاله و خامه تحت تأثیر اسید هیومیک قرار نگرفت. بیشترین وزن تک گل (0.36 گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار 5 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک و کمترین آن (0.33 گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار شاهد بدست آمد. همچنین نتایج، نشان‌دهنده تأثیر معنی‌دار اسید هیومیک بر اجزاء برگ (طول، وزن تر و خشک) و رنگیزههای آن (کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و سبزینگی) بود، به‌طوری که بیشترین وزن تر و خشک برگ، سبزینگی و کلروفیل کل در تیمار 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک و کمترین آنها در شاهد مشاهده شد. تراکم کاشت نیز تعداد، عملکرد گل، طول کلاله، همچنین طول و وزنتر و خشک برگ را تحت تأثیر خود قرار داد. به‌طوری که بیشترین تعداد (22.25 عدد در مترمربع) و عملکرد گل (8.22 گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار 100 بنه در مترمربع مشاهده شد. همچنین برهم‌کنش اسید هیومیک و تراکم کاشت نیز بر عملکرد گل، طول و وزنخشک کلاله، طول و وزن تر برگ و کلروفیل b تأثیرگذار بود. براساس نتایج این آزمایش به نظر میرسد، استفاده از اسید هیومیک و تراکم مطلوب کاشت میتواند نقش مؤثری در افزایش عملکرد و رشد زعفران داشته باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کود آلی؛ عملکرد گل؛ فلورسانس کلروفیل؛ سبزینگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of humic acid and planting density on flower yield and vegetative characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Ahmadi1؛ M.H. Aminifard2؛ M. Khayyat3؛ A.R. Samadzade4 | ||
| 1MSc. student, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science and Special Plants Regional Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Science and Special Plants Regional Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The effects of applications of humic acid and planting density on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) were evaluated under field conditions. Treatments were of four levels of humic acid (0, 5, 10 and 15 Kg.ha-1) and three density planting (50, 75 and 100 corms.m-2). This experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of Birjand University, Iran, during growing season 2015. Flower fresh weight and fresh and dry weight of stigma were influenced by humic acid treatments. The highest flower fresh weight (0.36g.m-2) was obtained in plants treated with 5 kg.ha-1 humic acid while the lowest values were recorded in the control (0.33g.m-2). However, no significant difference was found in yield and flower number of saffron, length of stigma and style, fresh weight and dry weight of style under different levels of humic acid treatments. Results showed that humic acid improved the leaf growth indices (leaf length, fresh weight, and dry weight of leaf) and photosynthetic pigments (chl b, total chl and spad). The highest leaf length, fresh and dry weight of leaf, chl b, total chl and spad were obtained in plants treated with 10 kg.ha-1 humic acid while the lowest values were recorded in the control. Application of different levels of planting density had a positive effect on the yield and flower number, length of stigma, length of leaf, fresh and dry weight of leaf in saffron. The highest flower number (22.25per.m-2) and yield (8.22g.m-2) were observed in planting density of 100 corms.m-2. Interactive effects of humic acid and density had a positive effect on the flower yield, length and dry weight of stigma, fresh weight and length of leaf and chl b. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Organic fertilizers, performance of flowers, chlorophyll fluorescence, SPAD | ||
| مراجع | ||
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