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بررسی موانع مشارکت جوامع محلی در فرایند اجرای پروژههای آبخیزداری و منابع طبیعی، حوزه آبخیز آرپاچای، استان زنجان | ||
| مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 15، شماره 4، آذر 1402، صفحه 622-638 اصل مقاله (512.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwmse.2022.359776.1988 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا رابط* 1؛ قباد رستمی زاد2؛ امین صالح پور جم3 | ||
| 1استادیار بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی- اجتماعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، | ||
| 2استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زنجان | ||
| 3استادیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مقدمه از جمله مشکلات مهم در فرایند اجرا و نگهداری پروژههای آبخیزداری و منابع طبیعی، عدم مشارکت و همکاری موثر آبخیزنشینان است. بر این اساس، توجه به عوامل بازدارنده و همچنین، شناسایی راهکارهای تقویت مشارکت جوامع محلی در فرایند اجرای پروژههای آبخیزداری و منابع طبیعی، امری ضروری و اجتناب ناپذیر است. این پژوهش، با هدف شناخت ویژگیهای اجتماعی-اقتصادی جوامع محلی، شناسایی شاخصهای موثر بر کاهش موانع و افزایش مشارکت مردمی در اجرای طرحهای منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری، شناخت انتظارات و نیازهای جامعه محلی و در نهایت، ارائه راهکارهای علمی و فنی با هدف افزایش میزان مشارکت مردمی، در منطقه پایلوت آرپاچای شهرستان زنجان انجام شده است. مواد و روشها در این پژوهش، چهار شاخص تاثیرگذار اجتماعی-فرهنگی، اقتصادی، طبیعی و مدیریتی، با 40 زیرشاخص تعیین و دستهبندی شدند. اطلاعات لازم بهصورت پیمایشی و با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه، مصاحبه و نشستهای متعدد با افراد جامعه و خبرگان محلی، جمعآوری شد. برای تعیین حجم نمونه از رابطه کوکران، برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از نرمافزار SPSS استفاده شد. همچنین، برای بررسی روایی پرسشنامه از آلفای کرون باخ، از تحلیل عاملی بهمنظور کاهش و دستهبندی متغیرهای تاثیرگذار بر عدم مشارکت مردم در پروژههای آبخیزداری، استفاده شد. نتایج و بحث نتایج نشان داد که شش عامل در مجموع به میزان 64.4 درصد، از واریانس متغیر وابسته را تبیین میکنند و متغیر آموزش و اطلاعرسانی در سطح محلی، بهعنوان موثرترین عامل شناخته شد که 29.79 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته را تبیین کرد. پس از آن، عوامل بهبود درآمد و معیشت روستاییان با 19.24 درصد، تنوع فعالیتهای اقتصادی و بهبود عملکرد با 18.93 درصد، تقویت اقتصاد محلی با 13.92 درصد، مدیریت طرحهای آبخیزداری با 11.34 درصد و مدیریت منابع طبیعی با 4.3 درصد، بهترتیب در اولویت دوم تا ششم قرار گرفتند. نتیجهگیری در مجموع، میتوان این گونه بیان کرد، نبود اطلاع و آگاهی جامعه محلی از جنبهها و منافع مثبت اقتصادی، اجتماعی، طبیعی و فنی حاصل از اجرای پروژههای منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری در محدوده زیست و تولید آنها، یکی از موانع مهم در عدم مشارکت و محقق نشدن اهداف پیشبینیشده در اجرای پروژههای آبخیزداری و منابع طبیعی در محدوده مورد مطالعه است. بر این اساس، توجه و تاکید بر موضوع اعتمادسازی و افزایش میزان اعتماد اجتماعی، به اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری، در فرایند اجرا و موفقیت پروژهها، نقش بسزایی دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اجتماعی؛ اقتصادی؛ تحلیل عاملی؛ جوامع محلی؛ فنی؛ مدیریت جامع آبخیز؛ مدیریتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the obstacles to the participation of local communities in the process of implementing watershed and natural resources projects, Arpachai Watershed, Zanjan Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Alireza Rabet1؛ Ghobad Rostamizad2؛ Amin Salehpour Jam3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زنجان | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction One of the important problems in the process of implementing and maintaining watershed projects and natural resources is the lack of effective participation and cooperation of watershed residents. Based on this, it is necessary and inevitable to pay attention to the inhibiting factors and also to identify ways to strengthen the participation of local communities in the process of implementing watershed and natural resources projects. This research, was done with the aim of knowing the socio-economic characteristics of local communities, identifying indicators that are effective in reducing obstacles and increasing people's participation in the implementation of natural resources and watershed projects, knowing the expectations and needs of the local community and finally, scientific and technical solutions have been presented to increase the level of public participation in Arpachai pilot area of Zanjan Province . Materials and methods In this study, four influential indices, including social-cultural, economic, natural, and managerial, were identified and categorized with 40 sub-indices. Necessary information was collected through surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and multiple sessions with community members and local experts. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Also, to check the validity of the questionnaire from Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis was used in order to reduce and categorize the variables affecting people's non-participation in watershed management projects. Result and discussion The results showed that six factors explain 64.4% of the variance of the dependent variable and the education and information variable at the local level was recognized as the most effective factor that explained 29.97% of the variance of the dependent variable. Following that, the factors of improving the income and livelihood of villagers with 19.24%, diversity of economic activities and improving performance with 18.93%, strengthening the local economy with 13.92%, management of watershed projects with 11.34% and natural resources management with 4.3% were placed in the second to sixth priority, respectively. Conclusion In general, it can be said that the lack of information and awareness of the local community about the positive economic, social, natural and technical aspects and benefits resulting from the implementation of natural resources and watershed management projects in the area of their living and production is one of the important obstacles in the lack of participation and failure to achieve the anticipated goals in the implementation of watershed and natural resources projects in the study area. Based on this, attention and emphasis on the issue of building trust and increasing the level of social trust in the General Administration of Natural Resources and Watershed Management plays a significant role in the process of implementation and success of projects. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Economic, Factor analysis, Integrated watershed management, Local communities, Managerial, Social, Technical | ||
| مراجع | ||
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